Chagas’ Disease
CHAGAS’ DISEASE Louis V. Kirchhoff Anis Rassi, Jr. Although the genus Trypanosoma contains many species of protozoans, only T. cruzi, T. brucei gambiense, and T. brucei rhodesiense cause disease in…
Cardiac Transplantation and Prolonged Assisted Circulation
CARDIAC TRANSPLANTATION AND PROLONGED ASSISTED CIRCULATION Sharon A. Hunt Hari R. Mallidi Advanced or end-stage heart failure is an increasingly frequent sequela, as progressively more effective palliation for the earlier…
Epidemiology of Cardiovascular Disease
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE Thomas A. Gaziano J. Michael Gaziano Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is now the most common cause of death worldwide. Before 1900, infectious diseases and malnutrition were the…
Approach to the Patient with Possible Cardiovascular Disease
APPROACH TO THE PATIENT WITH POSSIBLE CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE Joseph Loscalzo THE MAGNITUDE OF THE PROBLEM Cardiovascular diseases comprise the most prevalent serious disorders in industrialized nations and are a rapidly…
Hypoxia and Cyanosis
HYPOXIA AND CYANOSIS Joseph Loscalzo HYPOXIA The fundamental purpose of the cardiorespiratory system is to deliver O2 and nutrients to cells and to remove CO2 and other metabolic products from…
Palpitations
PALPITATIONS Joseph Loscalzo Palpitations are extremely common among patients who present to their internist and can best be defined as an intermittent “thumping,” “pounding,” or “fluttering” sensation in the chest….
The Peripheral Vascular System
OBJECTIVES The student understands the basic principles of cardiovascular transport and its role in maintaining homeostasis: Identifies the factors that determine transport of substances within the vascular system and those…
Vascular Control
OBJECTIVES The student understands the general mechanisms involved in local vascular control: Identifies the major ways in which smooth muscle differs anatomically and functionally from striated muscle. Lists the steps…
Cardiovascular Responses to Physiological Stresses
OBJECTIVES The student understands the general mechanisms involved in the cardiovascular responses to any given normal homeostatic disturbance in the intact cardiovascular system and can predict the resulting alterations in…
