Thoracic Key

Fig. 11.1 Relative position of patient and sclerotherapist when done efficiently Fig. 11.2 Example of a poor ergonomic position In some practices, the skin of the entire leg is prepped…

Fig. 1.1 In the fourth week of embryologic development, paired vascular channels, known as the anterior and posterior cardinal veins, arise and join in the midline at the sinus venosus,…

Transverse gray scale Spectral wave forms CFV, SFJ (prox GSV) Right and left CFV Prox, mid, and distal FV  Pop V Pop V Post tib V  Peroneal V  Additional images…

Fig. 7.1 Foamed sclerosant can be seen as hyperechoic bubbles present in the target vein There are advantages to using a transverse target position for needle access along the long…

Fig. 3.1 (a) Before treatment Clinical C4 – VCSS 16. (b). Four months after treatment, patient remains Clinical C4. Now C4 – V9 Fig. 3.2 (a) Prior to treatment Clinical…

Fig. 17.1 The International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies classification system. Vascular anomalies are divided on the basis of cellular kinetics and clinical behavior into two major categories:…

Tingling Aching Burning Muscle cramps Swelling Throbbing Heaviness Itching Restless legs Tiredness Fatigue Table 4.2 outlines differential diagnostic considerations for lower extremity pain and discomfort. Tables 4.3 and 4.4 outline…

Fig. 23.1 Schematic diagram of the lymphatic system demonstrating the superficial and deep lymphatics and lymph nodes The lymphatic vasculature is composed of a hierarchal network of initial and collecting…

Ankle-brachial index ≥0.9–1.3 Normal range ≥0.6–0.8 Borderline perfusion ≤0.5 Severe ischemia Ankle pressure ≤40 mmHg Critical limb ischemia Toe pressure ≤30 mmHg Critical limb ischemia Transcutaneous oxygen pressure measurement (TcPO…

Fig. 15.1 Some common symptoms of multiple sclerosis Other vascular problems of the cerebrospinal system produce different symptoms. Acute dural sinus or jugular vein obstruction, such as that caused by…