Dialysis Access Procedures
FIGURE 33.1. A,Polytetrafluoroethylene tubing used in early Scribner shunts. One side was placed in an artery (typically the radial or posterior tibial artery) and the other into an accompanying vein….
Transcranial Duplex Imaging
FIGURE 9.1. A stylized map of the main extracranial arteries (in blue), which will be considered inflow vessels, and the intracranial vessels (in green), which will be considered outflow vessels…
Vascular Applications in Point of Care Ultrasound
Although point of care ultrasound examinations can be performed with the standard, full-featured ultrasound systems used by ultrasound professionals (Fig. 27.1), these relatively expensive and complicated instruments are not typically…
Duplex Scanning Prior to Fibula Free Flap Transfers
FIGURE 35.1. The composite flap as shown consists of a segment of the peroneal artery, peroneal vein, and a portion of the fibula with the perforating arteries supplying the overlying…
Follow-Up after Carotid Endarterectomy and Stenting
FIGURE 10.1. Illustration from the 1982 report by Zierler and coworkers showing the Doppler spectral waveforms from an early postoperative stenosis that regressed. Left,Examination approximately 6 months after a left…
Duplex Assessment of Aortic Endografts
Left,Type I endoleaks after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR). Right,Type II endoleaks. Left,Type III endoleaks after EVAR. Right,Type IV endoleaks. A type II endoleak results from retrograde flow into the aortic…
Duplex Evaluation of Lower Extremity Arterial Occlusive Disease
FIGURE 12.1. Patient with an embolus to the left common femoral artery. The common femoral artery (CFA) is occluded with absence of color filling (A) and a preocclusive “thumping” flow…
Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in the Vascular Laboratory
Adapted from the 2011 ACCF/AHA Focused Update of the Guidelines for the Management of Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease (Rooke TW, et al. 2011 ACCF/AHA focused update of the guideline…
Hemodynamics of Normal and Abnormal Arteries
where ρ is the specific gravity of blood (~1.056 g/cm3), g is the acceleration due to gravity (980 cm/s2), and h is the distance in centimeters above or below the…
Duplex Scanning Prior to Flap Procedures for Breast Reconstruction
The blood supply to the transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flap travels down through the rectus muscle from the continuation of the internal mammary vessels in the chest as the…
