Ventricular Tachycardia
Fig. 13.1 An ECG of ventricular tachycardia presenting in a 3-day-old with mild LV dysfunction. The tachycardia exhibits a left bundle branch block with an inferior axis suggesting origin of…
Cardiac Pacemakers and Implantable Cardiovascular-Defibrillators
Fig. 18.1 Percentage of patients with each indication for device implantation. All are new implants since 2000. Cong Block = nonsurgically related heart block; Surg Block = surgically related heart block; Surg SND = surgically related…
Sick Sinus Syndrome
Electrocardiographic manifestations of sick sinus syndrome Sinus bradycardia Extreme sinus arrhythmia Tachycardia–bradycardia syndrome Sinoatrial exit block Sinus pause/sinus arrest Sinoatrial reentrant tachycardia Electrocardiographic findings associated with sick sinus syndrome Intra-atrial…
Atrioventricular Reentry Tachycardia
Fig. 4.1 Cartoon of the heart demonstrating the atrioventricular conduction system with a left accessory connection. The P-wave and QRS complex are show short the indicating the impulse PR interval…
First- and Second-Degree Atrioventricular Block
Fig. 15.1 Sinus rhythm with a junctional premature beat (J), which results in AV node refractoriness and block of the next sinus beat. *Subsequent non-conducted atrial impulse may be due…
Fetal Arrhythmias
Fig. 20.1 M-mode echocardiogram from fetus in sinus rhythm. Upper image demonstrates beam position through the atrium and ventricle. Small arrows mark atrial contractions, and arrowheads mark ventricular contraction. Note…
Physiology of the Cardiac Conduction System
In this equation, R = the universal gas constant, T = absolute temperature, F = the Faraday constant, and X is the ion in question. As an example, the usual intracellular and extracellular concentration of potassium…
Atrial Flutter Intra-Atrial Reentrant Tachycardia
Fig. 8.1 The inner geometry of the right atrium showing the reentrant loop of a typical flutter circuit. Notice that the typical flutter circuit passes between the IVC and the…
Genetic Disorders of the Cardiac Impulse
Fig. 19.1 Panels (a) and (b): Demonstrating long QTc 0.54 s in an 18-month-old boy with sensorineural deafness. Panel (c): Marked T-wave alternans. Panel (d): Spontaneous ventricular fibrillation, which self-terminated….
Junctional Tachycardia: Congenital, Acquired, Postoperative
Fig. 11.1 Junctional ectopic tachycardia. The AH interval is 240 ms during the junctional ectopic tachycardia, which has a cycle length of 290 ms. The long AH interval and short…
