A patient is classified as having SLE if he satisfies 4 of the clinical and immunologic criteria used in the SLICC classification criteria, including at least one clinical criterion and…
1990 American College of Rheumatology classification criteria for Wegener’s granulomatosis For purposes of classification, a patient shall be said to have Wegener’s granulomatosis if at least 2 of these 4…
Fig. 22.1 CPFE syndrome at chest CT in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis (male, smoker). (a) upper lobes showing centrilobular and paraseptal emphysema; (b) mid regions of the lungs, showing…
Fig. 28.1 Skull X-ray of a patient affected by PLCH. It shows two little osteolytic bone lesions easier to recognize in the lateral skull radiograph Another important extrapulmonary complication is…
Eosinophilic lung disease of undetermined cause Idiopathic eosinophilic pneumonias Idiopathic chronic eosinophilic pneumonia Idiopathic acute eosinophilic pneumonia Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg–Strauss syndrome) Hypereosinophilic syndrome Idiopathic hypereosinophilic obliterative bronchiolitis Eosinophilic…
Clinical entity Clinico-pathologic key points Main CT scan features Main Diagnostic step(s) Therapeutic options Follicular bronchitis/bronchiolitis Background of autoimmunity (Rheumatoid Arthritis, Sjogren…) Small nodules (centrilobular/broncocentric) bronchial wall thickening Surgical biopsy…
Fig. 23.1 Chest radiograph from a patient with acute interstitial pneumonia demonstrating diffuse bilateral infiltrates without focal consolidation Fig. 23.2 High resolution computed tomography images from the upper (panel a)…
Examples of known causes Disorders of mucociliary clearance Cystic fibrosis Primary ciliary dyskinesia Young’s syndrome Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency Primary immunodeficiency Hypogammaglobulinaemia Common variable immunodeficiency X-linked agammaglobulinemia IgA deficiency…
Fig. 19.1 CT scan (mediastinal window). Hypodense bilateral condensations in the lower lobes (arrows). The low density can be measured (not available measure for this section) or evaluated relative to…
Fig. 17.1 Schematic representation of the mTOR pathway. Tuberin is phosphorylated by multiple inputs from growth signals via growth factors or as a consequence of change in cellular energy status….
