Fig. 18.1 Bronchoscopic view of a mid-tracheal neoplasm in a patient who presented with haemoptysis In an appropriate patient, surgical management requires circumferential tracheal resection and reconstruction approached through a…

Fig. 16.1 Dissection of the azygos vein – view from the transcervical side Fig. 16.2 Division of the upper trunk of the right pulmonary artery with endostapler – view from…

Fig. 15.1 Computed tomography of the cervicothoracic area showing a large anterior and right paratracheal cystic mass Fig. 15.2 Computed tomography of the superior part of the chest showing the…

Fig. 19.1 Oesophagram demonstrating a 5 cm Zenker’s diverticulum Fig. 19.2 Endoscopic appearance of Zenker’s diverticulum. Key: E oesophageal lumen, D diverticulum The cervical oesophagus and diverticulum are approached as…

Fig. 6.1 Patient position. The right thorax is prepared for potential conversion to video-thoracoscopy 6.2.2 First Step The first step is similar to a conventional cervical video-assisted mediastinoscopy. Patients are…

Fig. 21.1 Possible routes of introduction of the transcatheter aortic valve through the transcervical approach 21.1.2 Access to the Innominate and Right Subclavian Arteries Injuries of the innominate artery and,…

Fig. 17.1 Left main bronchus encircled with a “golden finger” (LMB left main bronchus, T trachea) Fig. 17.2 Cranial traction of the left main bronchus in order to place the…

Fig. 9.1 Range and possible yield of mediastinal dissection by the means of VAMLA (central, blue ellipse) and additional extended mediastinoscopy (central, green ellipse), compared to right and left lateral…

Fig. 1.1 Operative field for left scalene lymph node biopsy. The main anatomic landmarks are drawn: (a) suprasternal notch; (b) left clavicle; (c) left sternocleidomastoid muscle with protruding left external…

Fig. 13.1 Dissection of the left innominate vein from the inner surface of sternum after elevation of the manubrium with a hook connected to the Rochard frame Fig. 13.2 View…