Objectives 1. Describe the significance of a normal ventilation/perfusion ratio ( <SPAN role=presentation tabIndex=0 id=MathJax-Element-5-Frame class=MathJax style="POSITION: relative" data-mathml='V˙/Q˙’>V˙/Q˙˙V/˙Q V˙/Q˙ ˙V/˙Q V ˙ / Q ˙ ). 2. Characterize the…
Objectives 1. Describe lung volumes and their measurement using three methods. 2. Discuss the uses of spirometry in clinical practice. 3. Define the effort-dependent and effort-independent portions of the flow…
Objectives 1. Describe the anatomy, function, physiology, and regulation of the two circulations in the lung. 2. Describe the distribution of pulmonary blood flow. 3. Explain pulmonary vascular resistance in…
Objectives 1. Describe static lung mechanics and the measurement of lung volumes. 2. Define lung compliance and its measurement. 3. Relate lung and chest wall compliance to lung volumes. 4….
Objectives 1. Describe how a pressure gradient is created. 2. Define airway resistance and its measurement. 3. Discuss three factors that contribute to or regulate airway resistance in health and…
Abstract Thoracic trauma, although rare in children, can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. Most are sustained due to blunt mechanisms, with motor vehicle accidents being most common. Due to…
Abstract Tumors of the chest in the pediatric population represent a large collection of pathologies. They can differ in location from the chest wall, to the mediastinum, to the lung…
Abstract When infants die suddenly and unexpectedly, the causes can be effectively considered using a triple risk model of individual infant susceptibility, developmental vulnerability, and environmental stressors. Sleep practices, particularly…
Abstract Atelectasis describes an incomplete expansion of lung tissue, which may be congenital or acquired. Congenital atelectasis is due to incomplete expansion of the lungs, including primary and secondary congenital…
Abstract This chapter reviews the impact of trisomy 21 (the commonest trisomy) upon the respiratory tract, including its impact upon the structure and function of the upper and lower tract,…
