Alveolar Pneumocytes, Reactive and Metaplastic Changes Allen P. Burke, M.D. Acute Reactive Changes Alveolar lining cells are denuded and regenerative in acute alveolar injury. Histologic features of regeneration include nuclear…
Organizing Pneumonia Allen P. Burke, M.D. Teklu Legesse, M.D. Terminology Organizing pneumonia (OP) is a histologic “pattern” that denotes a subacute phase of lung injury characterized by loose fibrosis that…
Diffuse Alveolar Damage Marie-Christine Aubry, M.D. Allen P. Burke, M.D. Terminology Diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) is an acute lung injury involving predominantly the interstitium and characterized by two overlapping histologic…
Pathologic Processes Involving the Alveolar Spaces Allen P. Burke, M.D. Haresh Mani, M.D. General Alveolar pathology involves filling of alveolar spaces with acellular material (fluid, blood, protein, or matrix) or…
Pathologic Changes Involving Alveolar Septa and Interstitium Allen P. Burke, M.D. Fabio R. Tavora, M.D., Ph.D. Inflammation The most common type of inflammation in the alveolar septa is a mixture…
Normal Anatomy and Histology, Specimen Processing, Pathologic Reporting, and Artifacts Allen P. Burke, M.D. Joseph J. Maleszewski, M.D. Pulmonary Anatomy and Histology General Features and Development The respiratory system broadly…
Follow-Up of the Patient who has Received a Pacemaker Initial Pacemaker Clinic Follow-Up Visit An organized system of follow-up is important for all device patients and is best facilitated through…
Pacemaker Implantation Permanent Pacemaker Implantation Location of Implantation Permanent pacemaker implantation can be done in the cardiac catheterization laboratory or in the operating room. Both locations have unique advantages and…
Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator and Antitachycardia Pacing Permanent Pacing in Combination with an ICD The implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD), an electric device which includes a pacemaker, has undergone revolutionary changes. Although…
Rate-Modulated Pacing Permanent Pacemaker Application The concept of rate-modulated (rate-responsive, rate-adaptive) pacemakers is to move beyond simple backup pacing for bradycardias to helping a patient adapt to physiologic stress with…
