Chapter 5 Left Ventricular Adaptation to Pressure and/or Volume Overload Blase A. Carabello BACKGROUND Hypertrophy versus Remodeling AORTIC STENOSIS Variability in the Response to Pressure Overload Concentric Hypertrophy and Left…
Chapter 4 Clinical and Genetic Risk Factors for Calcific Valve Disease David S. Owens and Kevin D. O’Brien METHODS OF DETECTION BICUSPID AORTIC VALVES CLINICAL RISK FACTORS Older Age Male…
Chapter 10 Risk Assessment for Valvular Heart Disease Michael J. Mack BACKGROUND HOW RISK ALGORITHMS ARE CONSTRUCTED LIMITATIONS OF RISK ALGORITHMS USES OF RISK ALGORITHMS WHAT CAN BE PREDICTED?, AVAILABLE…
Cardiac Physical Examination Craig R. Asher and Cesar Augusto Bonilla Isaza INTRODUCTION TO PHYSICAL EXAMINATION Over the years, the bedside skills of the cardiologist have diminished, due in part to…
CARDIAC ELECTROPHYSIOLOGY CHAPTER Twelve-Lead Electrocardiography Gregory G. Bashian and Curtis M. Rimmerman The electrocardiogram (ECG) is an essential diagnostic test. In many ways, it is an ideal diagnostic modality because…
Atrial Fibrillation and Flutter John Rickard and Mohamed Kanj Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained arrhythmia seen in clinical practice. There are estimated to be more than 2…
Essential Echocardiographic Images in Adult Congenital Heart Disease Ellen Mayer Sabik Congenital heart disease is by definition an abnormality in cardiac structure that is present at birth, even if it…
Hemodynamic Measurements James E. Harvey and Frederick A. Heupler, Jr. PHYSICS OF PRESSURE MEASUREMENT The most common method of measuring pressures in the cardiac catheterization laboratory is to use fluid-filled…
Medical Treatment of Heart Failure Andrew Grant and Mazen Hanna The management of heart failure (HF) depends on the underlying mechanism. This chapter focuses on the treatment of HF related…
The Dyslipidemias Adam W. Grasso and Michael B. Rocco Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the industrialized world, accounting for approximately one-third of all…
