Fig. 44.1 Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene and protein From the functional aspect, mutations are grouped in five classes (I–V). Most of these cause complete channel failure, whether…
Patient age Respiratory rate (respirations per minute) Newborn >60 2–12 months >50 1–5 years >40 Respiration Control Mechanisms Respiration begins in the nervous system by means of centers located in the brain…
Fig. 35.1 Tberculosis clinical manifestations Pulmonary Presentations Pulmonary Infection or Classic Primary Complex This presentation is the most common one (90%) and appears in a self-limited form. By having nonspecific…
Disease or injury DALYs (millions) Total burden (%) 1 Lower respiratory tract infection 94.5 6.2 2 Diarrhea 72.8 4.8 3 Unipolar depression 65.5 4.3 4 Cardiac ischemia 62.6 4.1…
Cystic fibrosis Neonatal chronic lung disease Postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans Recurrent bronchial obstruction that does not respond to the usual treatments Central airway obstruction Epidemiological and research studies Measurement Conditions Infants…
Drug Nutritional effect Anticonvulsants: Folate, Ca, Vit B12, B6, D, C. Dyslipidemias Phenytoin Folate, Ca, Vit B12, B6, K, C. Dyslipidemias Phenobarbital Anti-inflammatories: Vit C, Fe Aspirin Proteins, fats, glucose,…
Fig. 53.1 Laryngomalacia. In laryngeal endoscopic visualization, the collapse of the arytenoid cartilage can be appreciated, occluding the lumen of the airway, in infant with persistent stridor The characteristic inspiratory…
Fig. 38.1 Atopic march From the physiopathological aspect, the syndromes are characterized by the capacity of the affected person to manifest an allergic hypersensitivity, whether it is mediated by IgE…
Fig. 49.1 Sudden infant death (SID) in Chile (1997–2009) (n = 1442): seasonal distribution of 1442 SID in Chile Fig. 49.2 Sudden infant death rate Pacifier Several studies, including two…
SNC alterations Congenital and acquired disorders of the control of the respiratory center Myelomeningocele and Arnold-Chiari malformations Alterations in the ventilation pump Congenital hypotonias Myasthenia gravis Phrenic and diaphragmatic paralysis…
