Thoracic Key

Dialysis Access Procedures Ted R. Kohler Bridget A. Mraz The incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) has increased owing to the aging of our population and the increasing prevalence of…

Intravascular Imaging Misty Humphries The ability to assess endovascular interventions by real-time means has historically been limited. Angiography provides only a two-dimensional representation of the cylindrical vessel lumen, and subtle…

Venous Ablation Procedures Kathleen D. Gibson Aaron Ebert Venous insufficiency is arguably the most common condition evaluated in an outpatient vascular laboratory setting. Varicose veins and deep venous insufficiency cause…

Evaluation and Treatment of Femoral Pseudoaneurysms R. Eugene Zierler Watson B. Smith An arterial aneurysm is generally defined as a focal dilatation that involves either the whole or a part…

Renal Duplex Scanning R. Eugene Zierler Kari A. Campbell Like the other major branches of the aorta, the renal arteries can develop both occlusive and aneurysmal disease. The processes responsible…

Intraoperative Duplex Evaluation of Arterial Repairs Dennis F. Bandyk Kelley D. Hodgkiss-Harlow Assurance of technical adequacy is a fundamental principle of vascular surgery whether performed by an open surgical or…

Vascular Applications in Point of Care Ultrasound R. Eugene Zierler The use of ultrasound for medical diagnosis began in the late 1940s and early 1950s based on experience with SONAR…

Ultrasound Evaluation of the Portal and Hepatic Veins Leslie M. Scoutt Margarita V. Revzin Hjalti Thorisson Ulrike M. Hamper Portal hypertension (PHT) is an extremely common medical problem worldwide. In…

Preoperative Vein Mapping Kathleen D. Gibson Aaron Ebert Endovascular approaches for the treatment of infrainguinal arterial disease (angioplasty, stenting, and atherectomy) are increasingly being offered as initial procedures for patients…

Cardiovascular Risk Assessment in the Vascular Laboratory Thais Coutinho Iftikhar J. Kullo Cardiovascular (CV) disease remains the leading cause of death in the United States, with an overall rate of…