Pericardial Disease
Figure 8.1 Subcostal view showing heart with significant pericardial thickening (arrow) Pericardial Effusion (Fig. 8.1) Determine: Size (Size criteria differ between publications). Measure in diastole: trivial 1–5 mm, small 5…
Ischemic Heart Disease
Figure 12.1 Apical two chamber view of a patient with inferior and inferobasal scarring (arrows) after myocardial infarction Figure 12.2 Apical four chamber view showing massive apical aneurysm (star) Figure…
Diastolic Function
DT (ms) E/A E/E′ E′ (cm) IVRT (ms) PVS2 PVD Mitral A vs PulmA Normal 160–240 >1.5 <8 10 – – – I >240 <1 ≤8 (Ia >15) –…
Estimation of Chamber Pressures
© Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2016Dmitriy Kireyev and Judy Hung (eds.)Cardiac Imaging in Clinical PracticeIn Clinical Practice10.1007/978-3-319-21458-0_10 10. Estimation of Chamber Pressures Dmitriy Kireyev1 and Judy Hung1 (1) Echocardiography, Division of Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA,…
Heart Failure Pre- and Postpartum
Fig. 1 Evaluation of a breathless woman towards the end of pregnancy/early postpartum Table 1 Pre-conception evaluation and risk assessment in a women with heart failure Pre-conception evaluation and risk…
of Hypertension
Pre-eclampsia is new-onset hypertension (BP ≥140/90 mmHg) that arises after 20 weeks of gestation and is accompanied by at least one of the following (SOMANZ 2008): Renal involvement Proteinuria Oliguria…
in Pregnancy
Pregnancy Category A Adequate and well-controlled human studies have failed to demonstrate a risk to the fetus in the first trimester of pregnancy (and there is no evidence of risk…
of Coronary Artery Disease and Arrhythmias
Drugs FDA Listed complications Transfer to breast milk Atenolol D Intrauterine growth restriction and premature birth Yes Other beta-blockers C Low birth weight, hypoglycemia, and bradycardia in the fetus Yes…
Drugs in the Management of Cardiovascular Disease
Medication Example Indication Main adverse effects on the cardiovascular system β-agonists Hexoprenaline (Ipradol)® Tocolysis Tachycardia Peripheral vasodilatation Pulmonary edema Calcium channel blocker Nifedipine (Adalat®) Tocolysis Hypotension Hypertension Tachycardia Oxytocin receptor…
Principles and Guidelines
Category Definition A Adequate, well-controlled studies in pregnant women have not shown an increased risk of fetal abnormalities in any trimester of pregnancy. B Animal studies have revealed no evidence…
