Sign/symptom Differential diagnosis for SCA Respiratory symptoms Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), dilated cardiomyopathy, left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO), restrictive or LV noncompaction cardiomyopathy Chest pain HCM, coronary anomalies, LVOTO, aortic…
Fig. 5.1 12-Lead electrocardiogram of AVNRT. Note that distinct P-waves are not visible Fig. 5.2 ECG leads I, II, and V5 and intracardiac electrograms in a 13-year-old girl with AVNRT…
Fig. 6.1 Drawing of normal atrioventricular conduction tissue and concealed slowly only conducting retrograde accessory pathway supporting PJRT Clinical and Electrocardiographic Findings Persistent junctional reciprocating tachycardia usually presents during childhood…
Fig. 9.1 Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in a 17-year-old boy. Note the low amplitude fast waveforms (atrial fibrillatory waves) between the “irregularly irregular” QRS intervals. There are a few different QRS…
Fig. 16.1 ECG and His bundle electrogram of Complete Heart Block. Leads I, V1, V6 with an atrial (A) electrogram, a His bundle electrogram (H), and ventricular (V) electrogram demonstrating…
Fig. 10.1 12-Lead ECG from a 9-month-old boy with atrial ectopic tachycardia at 150 bpm. There is variable A-V conduction. The P-wave is large in many leads and has a…
Fig. 1.1 Schematic representation of the primary heart tube (brown) and the secondary added myocardium derived from the second heart field (yellow), including differential genes and proteins expressed in the…
Fig. 22.1 Ia lengthens the action potential (right shift); Ic does not significantly affect the action potential (no; Ib shortens the action potential (left shift) shift) Class I anti-arrhythmic agents…
Medical screening Psychosocial screening Anticipatory guidance Update health history Child/family response to planned procedure Ask parent/guardian to identify concerns; address concerns Identify co-morbidities Assess family composition, support systems and coping…
