1. Age at disease onset <40 years Development of symptoms or findings related to Takayasu arteritis at age <40 years 2. Claudication of extremities Development and worsening of fatigue and…
1. Presence of liver disease (a) Cirrhotic or non-cirrhotic portal hypertension 2. Intrapulmonary vascular dilatations (a) Positive transthoracic contrast/bubble echocardiogram (b) 99mTechnetium lung/brain perfusion scan 3. Hypoxemia (a) Seated room…
Type Fibril protein precursor Clinical syndrome AA Serum amyloid A protein Reactive systemic amyloidosis associated with chronic inflammatory diseases AL Monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains Systemic amyloidosis associated with monoclonal plasma…
Fig. 12.1 (a) Case 1: Chest x-ray shows that the left diaphragm is obscured by a pleural effusion. The abdomen is protected by a lead shield. (b–d) Case 1: CT…
Increasing awareness of rare diseases throughout society Defining disease mechanisms and targets – encourage basic research Improving case definition Improving methods of diagnosis and screening Standardizing methods for sample manipulation…
