Fig. 21.1 Normal arterial velocity tracing (multiphasic) ((a) systolic component, (b) early diastolic component, (c) late diastolic component) Therefore, there are several types of Doppler velocimetry: (1) auditory: this processes…
Fig. 37.1 Calf venous pressure–volume curve. Pressure in the normal limb is low (A), but is elevated in the limb with acute deep venous thrombosis (A’). Inflating the thigh cuff…
Fig. 48.1 Intraoperative duplex sonography of main renal artery prior to repair in longitudinal (a) and transverse view (b). Post-repair duplex (c) with corresponding spectral waveform analysis and renal parenchymal…
Fig. 5.1 (a) Velocity curve (Doppler spectrum) from posterior tibial artery at rest illustrating how flow velocity is high during systole but low or zero during diastole. Note the steep…
Fig. 41.1 Reflux in the GSV in the lower thigh is demonstrated with color flow (left panel) and with Doppler waveform (right panel). Red flow (positive signal) going toward the…
Old nomenclature New nomenclature Femoral vein Common femoral vein Superficial femoral vein Femoral vein Sural veins Sural veins; soleal veins; gastrocnemius veins (medial and lateral) Huntarian perforator Mid-thigh perforator Cockett’s…
Increasing sheath size Cannulation of artery other than common femoral artery Calcified artery Increased body mass index Concurrent anticoagulation Combined arterial and venous puncture Failure to provide appropriate postoperative compression…
Fig. 31.1 Bulging upper extremity collateral veins as a result of central stenosis Additional Examination Further upper extremity examination includes a neurologic examination in order to document the presence of…
Fig. 40.1 Photoplethysmographic waveforms (PPG). (a) Normal waveforms. (b) Borderline abnormal with partial attenuation of waveforms. (c) Abnormal with complete flattening of the waveforms Direct Testing with Duplex Ultrasound Duplex…
Fig. 28.1 Significant increase in local velocity, confirmed by aliasing in color and PSV ratio. Severe peroneal artery stenosis suggested based on PSV ratio >3 (458.3/149 = 3.07) Patency or…
