INDICATIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS In 1991, the National Institutes of Health Consensus Development Conference established the current indications for bariatric surgery, which have remained in effect since that time. These guidelines recommend bariatric…
INDICATIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS Because many patients with Zenker’s diverticula are elderly, an endoscopic approach offers potential advantages by avoiding neck incision. However, several technical points need to be emphasized. It is important…
Figure 36.1 Chest radiograph demonstrating extravasation of oral contrast into the mediastinum following a cervical esophageal perforation sustained during transesophageal echocardiography. The patient had a history of chronic bronchiectasis involving…
Figure 30.1 Relative incidence of leiomyoma in the esophagus. Incidence and Presentation of Leiomyoma LMs have traditionally been thought of as very rare. Seremetis et al.9 stated that esophageal carcinoma…
INDICATIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS Indications High-grade dysplasia (HGD): Recent reports have shown superior results of RFA compared with surveillance alone, and RFA is associated with significantly less morbidity than esophagectomy. Low-grade dysplasia (LGD):…
INDICATIONS Current indications for stent placement approved by U.S. Food and Drug Administration include the palliation of esophageal obstruction and tracheoesophageal fistulas secondary to malignancy. Other less common applications for…
INDICATIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS The age distribution of patients with achalasia is a bell-shaped curve ranging from the very young to those of advanced age. The peak age for clinical presentation is 30…
Figure 11.1 Types of hiatal hernia. The various types of hiatal hernia (Types I to IV) are depicted. (A) Sliding hiatal hernia. (B) True paraesophageal hernia with herniation of only…
INDICATIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS Because none of the available treatments can correct the underlying disease in patients with achalasia, the foundation of therapy is palliative and centers on relieving esophageal outlet obstruction while…
INDICATIONS/CONTRAINDICATIONS Esophageal dilation is indicated for the treatment of dysphagia caused by esophageal-obstructing pathologies and functional disorders (Table 35.2). Achalasia, malignant strictures, and postoperative anastomotic strictures constitute the most common…
