Cough David Picker and Praveen R. Chenna GENERAL PRINCIPLES • Cough is a common symptom and a substantial driver of outpatient care visits. • Cough accounts for nearly 30 million…

Sleep-Disordered Breathing Tonya D. Russell GENERAL PRINCIPLES Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is comprised of multiple different entities: • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) • Central sleep apnea (CSA) • Sleep-related hypoventilation Definitions…

Cavitary Lung Disease Desh Nandedkar GENERAL PRINCIPLES • Cavitary lung diseases may arise from a broad range of disease processes. • Cavitation may represent an active, latent, or resolved condition….

Pleural Diseases Alexander C. Chen and Daniel J. Brown GENERAL PRINCIPLES • The pleural lining is a serous membrane covering the lung parenchyma, chest wall, diaphragm, and mediastinum. • The…

Tuberculosis Jonathan Baghdadi andCarlos C. Daughaday GENERAL PRINCIPLES Classification • Active infection can occur with initial exposure to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) or following reactivation of latent disease. • Latent infection…

Smoking Cessation Sundeep Viswanathan and Amy McQueen GENERAL PRINCIPLES Epidemiology • Cigarette smoking causes over 400,000 deaths annually in the United States. In 2012, 18.1% of adults smoked cigarettes.1 •…

Solitary Pulmonary Nodule Michael D. Monaco GENERAL PRINCIPLES • The solitary pulmonary nodule (SPN) is a common incidental finding on CXR or CT scan. • The primary goal of working…

Pulmonary Vasculitis Amit Patel and Alfred H. J. Kim Vasculitis Overview GENERAL PRINCIPLES • This chapter discusses the pulmonary features of systemic vasculitides, primarily focusing on the antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody…

Lung Transplantation Jennifer Alexander-Brett and Ramsey Hachem GENERAL PRINCIPLES • This chapter briefly touches on the background of lung transplantation, common terminology, and candidate selection. The primary focus, however, is…

Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia Cristina Vazquez Guillamet and Marin H. Kollef GENERAL PRINCIPLES Definition • Hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) is pneumonia occurring >48 hours after admission to the hospital.1 • Ventilator-acquired pneumonia (VAP)…