Community-Acquired Pneumonia Jake M. Chanin Carlos A. Q. Santos General Principles Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States. CAP ranks highly among…

Smoking Cessation Sundeep Viswanathan Amy McQueen General Principles Epidemiology Cigarette smoking causes over 400,000 deaths annually in the United States. In 2012, 18.1% of adults smoked cigarettes.1 Rates of smoking…

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease John Dickinson Roger D. Yusen General Principles Definition Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common, preventable, treatable, and usually progressive condition characterized by persistent airflow…

Cough David Picker Praveen R. Chenna General Principles Cough is a common symptom and a substantial driver of outpatient care visits. Cough accounts for nearly 30 million physician visits per…

Singultus Sandeep Sodhi General Principles Singultus, more commonly known as hiccups, is a pervasive problem affecting almost everyone in his or her lifetime. Hiccups spare no population and have been…

Noninvasive Ventilation Warren Isakow General Principles Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) or noninvasive positive pressure ventilation refers to the use of a mask or similar device to provide ventilatory support. This definition…

Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy Alexander C. Chen Daniel J. Brown General Principles Fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB) was developed by Shigeto Ikeda in the 1960s. FOB has become a vital procedure for pulmonologists, with…