The Cardiac Skeleton and the Aortic Root
(1) Department of General surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China 9.1 General Considerations 9.1.1 The Cardiac Skeleton The fibrous skeleton of the heart, namely, the cardiac skeleton, is a framework…
CARDIAC SURGERY
The Left Ventricle
(1) Department of General surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China 8.1 General Considerations 8.1.1 Wall of the Left Ventricle The ventricular wall is separated from the LA by the atrioventricular…
Atrial Septal Defect and Cor Triatriatum
(1) Department of General surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China 11.1 Atrial Septal Defect 11.1.1 Formation of Atrial Septal Defect An atrial septal defect (ASD) is an abnormality that occurs…
Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Drainage
(1) Department of General surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China 14.1 General Considerations Anomalous pulmonary venous drainage, also known as anomalous pulmonary venous connection, refers to the condition in which…
Ventricular Septal Defect
(1) Department of General surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China This chapter focuses primarily on the primary ventricular septal defect (VSD). The VSD that occurs as a component of other…
Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries
(1) Department of General surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China 26.1 General Considerations 26.1.1 Definition Corrected transposition of the great arteries (CTGA) is a condition in which the connections of…
Aortic Arch Coarctation and Interrupted Aortic Arch
(1) Department of General surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China 15.1 General Considerations The proximal aortic arch is the beginning part of the innominate artery; the distal aortic arch is…
Complete Transposition of the Great Arteries
(1) Department of General surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China 25.1 General Considerations TGA, also referred to as transposition of the great arteries, is a case in which the primary…
Single Ventricle
(1) Department of General surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China 19.1 General Considerations Single ventricle is a congenital cardiac malformation in which both atria are connected to only one ventricle…
Pulmonary Atresia
(1) Department of General surgery, Fuwai Hospital, Beijing, China 27.1 General Considerations Pulmonary atresia (PA) is a form of congenital pulmonary dysplasia in which the PV does not form…
