Acute traumatic aortic disruption

Apr 21, 2026 by in CARDIAC SURGERY Comments Off on Acute traumatic aortic disruption
Acute traumatic aortic disruption Definition Acute thoracic aortic injury (TAI) is rupture of all or part of the aortic wall, usually occurring as a result of high-impact blunt trauma, such…
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Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Apr 21, 2026 by in CARDIAC SURGERY Comments Off on Obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Definition Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic myocardial disorder characterized by left and right ventricular hypertrophy ( Fig. 19.1 ) associated with microscopic evidence of myocardial fiber disarray and fibrosis….
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Infective endocarditis

Apr 21, 2026 by in CARDIAC SURGERY Comments Off on Infective endocarditis
Definition Infective endocarditis (IE) is a broad term used to designate an infection on any of the anatomic components of the heart and its endothelial surfaces. IE is an uncommon…
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Stenotic arteriosclerotic coronary artery disease

Apr 21, 2026 by in CARDIAC SURGERY Comments Off on Stenotic arteriosclerotic coronary artery disease
Definition Stenotic atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD) is narrowing of the coronary arteries caused by thickening and loss of elasticity of their walls (arteriosclerosis) associated with lipid accumulation and inflammation…
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Mechanical circulatory support

Apr 21, 2026 by in CARDIAC SURGERY Comments Off on Mechanical circulatory support
Section I: Adult mechanical circulatory support Definition Mechanical circulatory support (MCS) is a means of imparting energy for the forward flow of blood in the body using manmade devices. Its…
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Cardiac rhythm disturbances

Apr 21, 2026 by in CARDIAC SURGERY Comments Off on Cardiac rhythm disturbances
Section I: Bradycardia Definition Abnormal bradycardia is a slow cardiac rate that results chronically or episodically in inadequate cardiac output or life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. Historical note During the early 1700s,…
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Pericardial disease

Apr 21, 2026 by in CARDIAC SURGERY Comments Off on Pericardial disease
Section I: Chronic constrictive pericarditis Definition Chronic constrictive pericarditis is an inflammatory process that involves the pericardium, leading to pericardial thickening and compression (constriction) of the ventricles. The resultant impairment…
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Cardiac tumor

Apr 21, 2026 by in CARDIAC SURGERY Comments Off on Cardiac tumor
Definition Primary cardiac tumors include benign and malignant neoplasms within the cardiac chambers, valvular structures, or myocardium. Secondary cardiac tumors refer to metastatic neoplasms to the heart or pericardium. Historical…
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