Ventricular septal defect with pulmonary atresia

Apr 21, 2026 by in CARDIAC SURGERY Comments Off on Ventricular septal defect with pulmonary atresia
Definition The combination of pulmonary atresia (PA) and ventricular septal defect (VSD) is an extremely heterogeneous cardiopulmonary malformation. The intracardiac anatomy usually consists of an outlet VSD, while the pulmonary…
read more

Nomenclature for congenital heart disease

Apr 21, 2026 by in CARDIAC SURGERY Comments Off on Nomenclature for congenital heart disease
Introduction The art and science of outcomes analysis and quality improvement for pediatric and congenital cardiac care continues to evolve. This chapter reviews the evolution of systems of nomenclature and…
read more

Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection

Apr 21, 2026 by in CARDIAC SURGERY Comments Off on Total anomalous pulmonary venous connection
Section I: TAPVC in biventricular morphology Definition and classification Total (totally) anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) is a cardiac malformation in which there is no direct connection between any pulmonary…
read more

Acute aortic dissection

Apr 21, 2026 by in CARDIAC SURGERY Comments Off on Acute aortic dissection
Section I: General considerations Definition Acute aortic dissection is a part of a spectrum of acute aortic syndromes, which includes aortic dissection, intramural hematoma, and penetrating atherosclerotic ulcer. Although all…
read more

Mitral valve disease

Apr 21, 2026 by in CARDIAC SURGERY Comments Off on Mitral valve disease
Section I: Mitral valve disease Definition This chapter describes surgical aspects of acquired mitral valve disease, excluding ischemic mitral regurgitation (see Chapter10 ). Associated or secondary tricuspid valve disease is…
read more

Patent ductus arteriosus

Apr 21, 2026 by in CARDIAC SURGERY Comments Off on Patent ductus arteriosus
Section I: Patent ductus arteriosus (excluding prematurity) Definition Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is abnormal persistence of a patent lumen in the fetal ductus arteriosus, which usually connects the upper descending…
read more
Get Clinical Tree app for offline access