Methods to Assess Organ Blood Flow in the Neonate
Abstract This chapter describes a number of methods for measurement of blood flow, nearly all tried in newborns because they had worked in adults. Most often they have been applied…
Heart Rate and Cardiorespiratory Analysis for Sepsis and Necrotizing Enterocolitis Prediction
Abstract The goal of predictive monitoring is to predict or detect adverse events far enough in advance of conventional detection methods to allow for earlier treatment and improved outcomes. The…
Pathophysiologically Based Management of Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension of the Newborn
Abstract Persistent pulmonary hypertension is the term used to describe a spectrum of pathophysiological changes that result in hypoxic respiratory failure. A number of underlying physiologies contribute to this overarching…
Transitional Hemodynamics and Pathophysiology of Peri/Intraventricular Hemorrhage
Abstract Peri/intraventricular hemorrhage (P/IVH), a major complication of prematurity, increases the risk of mortality and is associated with significant short and long-term morbidities. Pathogenesis of P/IVH is complex and multifactorial….
Vascular Regulation of Blood Flow to Organs in the Preterm and Term Neonate
Abstract This chapter describes some of the multiple molecular mechanisms that regulate the contraction of the vascular smooth muscle cell and thus the arterial vascular tone. This tone is central…
Cardiorespiratory Effects of Delayed Cord Clamping
Abstract While umbilical cord clamping (UCC) at birth is considered to be an innocuous act, whether or not it is depends upon when it occurs during the infant’s transition to…
Definition of Normal Blood Pressure Range: The Elusive Target
Abstract The decision to provide circulatory support to newborn infants is predominantly based upon a reliance on blood pressure (BP) values, typically by targeting mean BP values, which serve as…
The Immature Autonomic Nervous System, Hemodynamic Regulation, and Brain Injury in the Preterm Neonate
Abstract Regulation of brain perfusion and oxygen/substrate delivery is, broadly speaking, dependent upon two partially overlapping systems. These are cardiovascular-respiratory regulation by the brainstem autonomic nervous system (ANS) centers and…
Left Atrial Isomerism
Age: 40 years Gender: Female Occupation: Priest Working diagnosis: Left atrial isomerism, partial atrioventricular septal defect HISTORY The patient presented at 3 years of age following recurrent attacks of bronchiolitis…
Recurrent Aortic Dissection in Marfan Syndrome
Age: 30 years Gender: Male Occupation: Photographer Working diagnosis: Marfan syndrome HISTORY Since age 10, this patient has been known to have the familial form of Marfan syndrome. Several family…
