Outline Cellular and Molecular Determinants: A View From 30,000 Feet, 136 Measuring Systolic Function: A Primer on Pressure-Volume Relations, 137 Beat-to-Beat Regulation of Systolic Function, 140 Acute Stretch—The Frank-Starling Effect,…
Outline Reactive Oxygen Species and Antioxidant Systems, 115 Reactive Oxygen Species, 115 Primary Antioxidant Systems, 115 Ancillary Antioxidant Mechanisms, 116 Markers of Oxidative Stress in Human Heart Failure, 116 Lipid…
Outline Natriuretic Peptides: Historical Background, 127 General Overview of Natriuretic Peptide System, 128 Natriuretic Peptide System in Heart Failure: Pathophysiology, Diagnostics, and Treatment, 129 Novel Designer Natriuretic Peptides in the…
Outline Overview of Innate Immunity, 103 Expression and Regulation of Pattern Recognition Receptors in the Heart, 103 Toll Receptors, 103 Role of Toll-like Receptors in Myocardial Disease, 106 Toll-like Receptor…
Outline A Perspective on the Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System, 76 The Biochemical Physiology of the Renin Angiotensin System, 76 Renin and Pro-Renin, 79 Other Nonrenin Enzymes, 79 Angiotensinogen, 79 Angiotensin…
Outline Role of Increased Adrenergic Drive in the Natural History of Heart Failure, 91 Adrenergic Receptor Pharmacology, 93 Altered β-Adrenergic Receptor Signal Transduction in the Failing Heart, 94 Molecular Basis…
Outline Myocardial Extracellular Matrix Structure and Composition, 63 The Myocardial Fibroblast, 63 Myocardial Extracellular Matrix Proteolytic Degradation: The Matrix Metalloproteinases, 64 Transcriptional Regulation of Extracellular Matrix Degradation; Matrix Metalloproteinase Polymorphisms,…
Outline Types of Heart Failure, 1 HFrEF Versus HFpEF: Ramifications for Understanding the Underlying Biology, 1 Investigative Techniques and Molecular Modeling, 2 Molecular Determinants of Physiologic Cardiac Growth, Hypertrophy, and…
Outline Contractile Dysfunction, 30 Normal Excitation-Contraction Coupling, 31 Impaired Ca 2+ Handling in Failing Cardiac Myocytes, 31 Reduced SR Ca 2+ Reuptake in Heart Failure, 32 Increased NCX Activity in…
Transcatheter aortic valve replacement Since the first transcatheter bioprosthetic aortic valve was implanted, changes have included smaller and more flexible delivery systems for use in smaller vessels; lower frame height…
