Tuberculous and Fungal Infections of the Pleura Carlos A. Olivares-Torres Jose Morales-Gomez Graciano Castillo-Ortega Mycobacterial and fungal infections of the pleural space, especially tuberculosis, are a leading cause of worldwide…
Postsurgical Empyema Joseph I. Miller Jr. Following pulmonary infection, the second most frequent cause of empyema is the development of infection in the pleural space after surgery of the esophagus,…
Parapneumonic Empyema Lei Yu Mark J. Krasna Empyema is defined as accumulation of pus in the pleural space. Pus is thick, viscous fluid that appears to be purulent. Para- pneumonic…
Benign Pleural Effusion Richard Lazzaro Joseph LoCicero III One of the more common chest problems in terms of diagnosis and effective management is the benign pleural effusion. The differential list…
Pneumothorax Alberto de Hoyos Willard A. Fry Classification Pneumothorax is the collection of air in the pleural space—that is, between the lung and the chest wall. Pneumothoraces are classified as…
Physiology of Pleural Fluid Production Richard W. Light The author22 has estimated that more than 1 million cases of pleural effusion occur annually in the United States. The possibility of…
Resorption of Gases from the Pleural Space Yvon Cormier Steve Provencher Under normal circumstances, there are no free gases in the virtual space between the parietal and visceral pleura. The…
Anatomy of the Pleura Thomas W. Shields Embryology The paired pleural cavities are derivatives of the intraembryonic portion of the primitive coelom. The primitive coelom arises by splitting of the…
Tumors of the Diaphragm Robert J. Downey The diaphragm is commonly involved with neoplasms, such as malignant pleural effusion or malignant peritoneal disease, but only rarely is the diaphragm the…
Foramen of Morgagni Hernia Alberto de Hoyos Giovanni Battista Morgagni,11 an Italian anatomist and pathologist, first described the rare anterior retrosternal diaphragmatic defect that now bears his name. He noted…
