Pulmonary hypertension
Fig. 35.2 ECG of right ventricular hypertrophy (RVH). Unremarkable P waves. Normal PR interval. Borderline right axis deviation, QRS axis ≥ 90° (iso-electric R wave aVL, where R = S…
Aortic valve disease and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Fig. 32.2 Heart block in aortic stenosis (AS). Elderly female, breathless, severe AS. Three P waves for every QRS complex – two are easily seen, the third is at the…
Mitral valve disease
Fig. 33.2 ECG in a patient with mitral stenosis. Atrial fibrillation, with very coarse fibrillatory waves in lead V1 – these might be mistaken for an atrial tachycardia, but running…