Microbiome and Cardiac Health
Fig. 7.1 Genetic and environmental factors in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome (MS) 7.2.2 Gut Microbiota Composition, Metabolic Phenotype, and Disease Risk Several studies on animals (rats and mice) and…
Nutrition and Cardiac Health
Fig. 10.1 Liver constitution type Those who have this liver constitution have a special vitality in their eyes. Their prominent physiological characteristic is rapidity and the ability to adapt quickly….
Integrated Approach to Oncological Supportive Medicine
Class Examples Cancers treated Cardiotoxicity Anthracyclines Doxorubicin, epirubicin Acute leukemia, Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, breast cancer Acute: HF, arrhythmias, QT changes Chronic (dose-dependent): HF nonreversible Alkylating agents Cyclophosphamide Blood, breast,…
Integrated Approach to Dyslipidemia
Fig. 14.1 Trans-fatty acids and atherosclerotic effects Increasing evidence in the literature shows that adequate dietary intake (between 4 and 8% of total calories) of omega 6, in particular, linoleic…
Psycho-neuro-endocrino-immunology Paradigm and Cardiovascular Diseases
Fig. 11.1 The influence of the neuroendocrine system on the immune system. The symbols + and − indicate activation and inhibition, respectively. MT melatonin, PRL prolactin, E estrogen, T testosterone,…
Integrated Approach to Heart Failure
NYHA class Description I Physical activity not limited by symptoms such as shortness of breath, fatigue, or palpitations II Physical exertion mildly limited, with symptoms of shortness of breath, fatigue,…
Integrated Approach to Hypertension
Category Systolic Diastolic Optimal <120 And <80 Normal 120–129 And/or 80–84 High normal 130–139 And/or 85–89 Grade 1 hypertension 140–159 And/or 90–99 Grade 2 hypertension 160–179 And/or 100–109 Grade 3…
Integrated Approach to Arrhythmias
1. Which arrhythmia is present? 2. Does the arrhythmia cause symptoms? 3. Does the arrhythmia have prognostic significance? 4. Is the problem life-threatening? 5. Does the patient require hospital admission or extensive testing? 6. Is specialist…
Integrated Approach to Coronary Artery Disease
Cardiovascular risk factor Relative risk Smoking 2.87 Hypertension 1.91 Elevated Apo B/ Apo A1 3.25 Diabetes 2.37 Abdominal obesity 1.12 Psychosocial factors 2.67 Daily consumption of fruits and vegetables 0.7…
Cardiovascular Aging
Level Changes Consequences Structural Systemic arterial vessels Intimal and medial thickening of large artery walls Changes in wall matrix (increase in elastolytic and collagenolytic activity, increased collagen deposition, fracture of…
