Preoperative measures Risk stratification Low Moderate High Limit fluids Pulmonary vasodilators Cardiac inotropes Consider elective RVAD Operative measures Preventive High-risk patient/early RVF Fulminant RVF Limit transfusion Expeditious operative time TEE…
Fig. 12.1 CT angiogram with 3D reconstruction of left ventricular assist device. (a) Following contrast administration, filling defect can be seen along the distal portion of outflow graft. (b) Complete…
Fig. 16.1 Multimodal strategy for cardiac regeneration. Printed with permission from Baylor College of Medicine Cardiac cellular reprogramming describes the process by which cardio-differentiating (transcription) factors or the genes encoding…
Fig. 14.1 (a) Survival curves for patients who had normal albumin levels (≥3.5 g/dL), moderate hypoalbuminemia (2.5–3.5 g/dL), and severe hypoalbuminemia (<2.5 g/dL) before undergoing implantation of a continuous-flow left ventricular assist device….
Fig. 13.1 (a) The pump is exposed through an extended left subcostal incision . A self-retaining retractor is invaluable in visualizing the white silicone rubber bellows that surrounds the pump…
1. Severe symptoms of HF with dyspnea and/or fatigue at rest or with minimal exertion (NYHA functional class III or IV) 2. Episodes of fluid retention (pulmonary and/or systemic congestion,…
Fig. 6.1 The left ventricular (LV) apex is reflected in a cephalad direction to expose the diaphragmatic surface of the heart. The LV cavity is outlined by the dotted line,…
Chapter 4 Thoracic radiology Rachel Benamore, Emma Helm 1 What are the principles of chest radiography (Figure 1)? • A chest radiograph (CXR) is obtained when X-rays pass from the…
Chapter 9 Thoracic surgical procedures Doug West, Elaine Teh, Andrew Cowie, Mike Shackcloth 1 What are the principles of cervical mediastinoscopy (Figure 1)? • The procedure is performed under general…
Chapter 1 Thoracic anatomy John Pilling 1 Describe the boundaries and compartments of the mediastinum • The mediastinum represents the medial compartment of the thorax (Figure 1) and is bounded…
