Role of Haptoglobin in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm
Fig. 8.1 HP locus genetic structure and structural differences with subunit arrangement of Hp phenotypes. (a) The physical map of the HP locus. HP exons are indicated by black boxes….
Carotid Endarterectomy: Inflammatory Aspects
When studying the presence of inflammatory cytokines in patients undergoing CEA, intracellular cytokine expression was found to be significantly higher in patients undergoing CEA who had stenosis ≥70 % (TNF-α,…
Endovascular Treatment of Carotid Disease: Inflammatory Aspects
Variable No restenosis (n = 198) In-stent restenosis (n = 12) p value Serum parameters Leucocytepre count/μl (mean, SD) 7,626 (±2,040) 8,300 (±3,013) 0.283 CRPpre mg/dl (median, IQR) 2 (0–6.6)…
Neuroendocrine Response and Shock
46. Wohltmann CD, Spain DA, Carrillo EH. Does gender effect outcome in trauma patients? Crit Care Med. 1999;27:A176.CrossRef 47. Balteskard L, Unneberg K, Mjaaland M, et al. Treatment with growth…
Role of Lipoproteins in Carotid Arterial Disease
Component Origin Size (nm) Density (g/ml) Protein (%) Apolipoproteins Chylomicrons Intestine 100–1,000 <0.95 1–2 C-I, C-II, C-III, E, A-I, A-II, A-IV, B-48 VLDL Liver, intestine 30–80 0.95–1.006 7–10 B-100, C-I,…
Pacing and Defibrillation
Class I Permanent pacemaker implantation is indicated for: 1. third-degree and advanced second-degree AV block at any anatomic level associated with bradycardia with symptoms (including heart failure) or ventricular arrhythmias…
Mechanical Aspects of Cardiac Performance
Fig. 20.1 Electrical and mechanical events of a single cardiac cycle within the left heart (see text for details) Fig. 20.2 Pressure-volume diagram of a single cardiac cycle (see text…
Harnessing Cardiopulmonary Interactions to Improve Circulation and Outcomes After Cardiac Arrest and Other States of Low Blood Pressure
Fig. 38.1 Compression and decompression phases of cardiopulmonary resuscitation It is critical to understand that blood flow to the vital organs is severely reduced during standard CPR, even under the…
Anatomy of the Thoracic Wall, Pulmonary Cavities, and Mediastinum
Fig. 4.1 The left panel is a diagrammatic representation of pulmonary cavities on each side of the thorax with the mediastinum in between. The right panel illustrates the divisions of…
Detailed Anatomical and Functional Features of the Cardiac Valves
Fig. 7.1 An anatomical plate of a human heart with the atria and great arteries removed showing the relationship between the four valves at the base of the heart. Note…
