Cardiac Anatomy
(1) The Lindner Center for Research and Education The Christ Hospital, The Christ Hospital Physicians Ohio Heart and Vascular Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA KeywordsLeft dominantRight dominantCircumflex coronary arteryCxLeft anterior…
Concepts in Radiation and Radiation Safety
(1) The Lindner Center for Research and Education The Christ Hospital, The Christ Hospital Physicians Ohio Heart and Vascular Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA KeywordsRadiationIonizing radiationRadioactivityElectronsAlpha particlesBeta particlesElectromagnetic spectrumGamma raysX…
Calcium Scoring
(1) The Lindner Center for Research and Education The Christ Hospital, The Christ Hospital Physicians Ohio Heart and Vascular Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA KeywordsCoronary calciumType Vb plaqueMESA studyMulti Ethnic…
Diagnostic Performance of Coronary Computed Tomographic Angiography
(1) The Lindner Center for Research and Education The Christ Hospital, The Christ Hospital Physicians Ohio Heart and Vascular Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA KeywordsDiagnostic performanceACCURACY trialCORE 64 trialPrognostic valueCONFIRM…
The Neuroendocrine Adrenergic System and Cardiovascular Function
Fig. 7.1 Interaction between the sympathetic nervous system, the adrenal gland, and the cardiovascular system in chronic heart failure. Under physiological conditions, sympathetic nerves innervating the heart release noradrenaline to…
The Cardiovascular Adrenergic System and Physical Exercise
Fig. 5.1 Excitation–contraction (EC) coupling in nonfailing a and failing b hearts. Adapted from Brum, PC et al. 2006, “Neurohumoral activation in heart failure: the role of adrenergic receptors”, Annals of…
The Adrenergic System in Vascular Smooth Muscle
Fig. 4.1 How the subclassification of adrenoceptors has developed since 1948 Further studies were hampered by the lack of an antagonist at β-adrenoceptors, until Powell and Slater [111] reported dichloroisoprenaline…
The Adrenergic System in Vascular Endothelial Cells
Fig. 3.1 Schematic representation of β2-AR signaling to eNOS and the role of the Gi–Src–Akt axis. See text for details and molecular acronym definitions. cAMP cyclic adenosine monophosphate, PKA protein…
The Adrenergic System of the Myocardium
Fig. 2.1 β-adrenergic receptor (AR) signaling in cardiac myocytes. The stimulation of β1-ARs and β2-ARs results in the activation of stimulatory G (Gs) proteins. Gs signaling, in turn, stimulates adenylate…
The Adrenergic System and Stem Cell-Mediated Myocardial Repair
6. Hsu FY. The effect of adrenaline and acetylcholine on the heart rate of the chick embryo. Chin J Physiol. 1933;VII: 243–52. 7. Ebert SN, Thompson RP. Embryonic epinephrine synthesis…
