Fig. 8.1 (a) Pathologic specimen displaying a common atrioventricular valve en face as viewed from the atrial perspective. An arrow marks the common atrioventricular junction. The superior and inferior bridging…
Fig. 1.1 Pulse-echo principle. A pulse of sound of known frequency is generated and emitted in a known direction. The echoes returning from an object can be used to derive…
Fig. 4.1 Segmental approach to congenital heart disease (Reprinted with permission from O’Leary [7]) 2. When performing a TEE evaluation for CHD, particularly in patients with unknown or incompletely…
Fig. 7.1 The mid esophageal four chamber view represents a starting point in the evaluation of atrial septal defects as this cross-section displays both atria, the interatrial septum (IAS), atrioventricular…
Fig. 12.1 Tetralogy of Fallot. Mid esophageal four chamber view showing right ventricular hypertrophy, the large malalignment ventricular septal defect (asterisk), and overriding aorta. LA left atrium, LV left ventricle,…
Fig. 13.1 Patent ductus arteriosus. Graphic depiction of patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) as visualized from a left anterior oblique view. The typical ductus extends as illustrated from the junction of…
Fig. 20.1 Three-dimensional orientation icon displayed in the figures. Abbreviations for orientation markers used in the figures throughout this chapter: A anterior, I inferior, L left, P posterior, R right,…
Bacteria Viridans group streptococci (alpha-hemolytic)—S. mitis, S. sanguis, S. mutans, etc. Staphylococcus aureus Coagulase-negative staphylococcus Streptococcus pneumonia Streptococcus bovis and other streptococci Enterococcus species HACEK (Hemophilus species, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Cardiobacterium…
Fig. 6.1 Evaluation of pulmonary venous anatomy by TEE. In the center is a diagram of a person, facing front. The axis of 120° through the long axis of the…
Limited transthoracic image quality Intra-operative assessment of ventricular function Pre and postoperative assessment of ventricular performance Identification of regional wall motion abnormalities suggesting ischemia Ongoing postoperative assessment of response to…
