23 Syndromic Diseases with Cardiac Involvement

Jun 13, 2020 by in CARDIOLOGY Comments Off on 23 Syndromic Diseases with Cardiac Involvement

10.1055/b-0035-121518 23 Syndromic Diseases with Cardiac Involvement 23.1 Overview of Syndromic Diseases with Cardiac Involvement An overview of the most common syndromic diseases associated with congenital heart defects is presented…

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22 Eisenmenger Syndrome

Jun 13, 2020 by in CARDIOLOGY Comments Off on 22 Eisenmenger Syndrome

10.1055/b-0035-121517 22 Eisenmenger Syndrome 22.1.1 Basics Synonym: Eisenmenger reaction Definition The Eisenmenger syndrome is a secondary form of pulmonary hypertension, in which, due to a heart defect with an originally…

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21 Pulmonary Hypertension

Jun 13, 2020 by in CARDIOLOGY Comments Off on 21 Pulmonary Hypertension

10.1055/b-0035-121516 21 Pulmonary Hypertension 21.1.1 Basics Definition Pulmonary hypertension is present when the mean pulmonary artery pressure is greater than 25 mmHg at rest or greater than 30 mmHg during…

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20 Arterial Hypertension

Jun 13, 2020 by in CARDIOLOGY Comments Off on 20 Arterial Hypertension

10.1055/b-0035-121515 20 Arterial Hypertension 20.1.1 Basics Definition Arterial hypertension is defined as an increase in systolic and/or diastolic blood pressure over the gender-specific 95th percentile for the age or size…

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19 Heart Failure

Jun 13, 2020 by in CARDIOLOGY Comments Off on 19 Heart Failure

10.1055/b-0035-121514 19 Heart Failure 19.1.1 Basics Definition Heart failure is defined as the inability of the heart to pump sufficient cardiac output to meet the metabolic needs of the body…

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16 Acquired Cardiac Diseases

Jun 13, 2020 by in CARDIOLOGY Comments Off on 16 Acquired Cardiac Diseases

10.1055/b-0035-121511 16 Acquired Cardiac Diseases 16.1 Myocarditis 16.1.1 Basics Synonym: inflammatory cardiomyopathy Definition Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium that can have greatly varying clinically courses and a…

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8 Cardiac Catheterization

Jun 13, 2020 by in CARDIOLOGY Comments Off on 8 Cardiac Catheterization

10.1055/b-0035-121503 8 Cardiac Catheterization 8.1 Basics Today, only very few purely diagnostic cardiac catheterizations are performed, as the anatomical situation for most heart defects can be visualized very precisely using…

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3 Echocardiography

Jun 13, 2020 by in CARDIOLOGY Comments Off on 3 Echocardiography

10.1055/b-0035-121498 3 Echocardiography 3.1 Transthoracic Echocardiography 3.1.1 Basics Two-dimensional (2D) echocardiography is the most important noninvasive imaging procedure in pediatric cardiology. It provides cross-sectional images of the heart and great…

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14 Syncope

Jun 13, 2020 by in CARDIOLOGY Comments Off on 14 Syncope

10.1055/b-0035-121509 14 Syncope 14.1 Basics Definition Syncope is the sudden, temporary loss of consciousness as a result of cerebral hypoperfusion associated with loss of muscular tone. Recovery is spontaneous. Unconsciousness…

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13 Palpitations

Jun 13, 2020 by in CARDIOLOGY Comments Off on 13 Palpitations

10.1055/b-0035-121508 13 Palpitations 13.1 Basics Definition Palpitations are defined as the unpleasant awareness of your own heartbeat. Palpitations are often described by patients as pounding or skipping a beat. The…

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