Orthostatic Hypotension
Orthostatic hypotension (OH) is a significant medical problem; it occurs in about 6% of healthy elderly in the community, 18% to 54% of nursing home residents, and up to 60%…
Hypertension in Older People
Older patients represent the most rapidly increasing segment of the United States population and account for the largest health care expenditures. Age is a major risk factor for the development…
Hypertension in Pregnancy
Hypertensive disorders are the most common medical conditions during pregnancy and are a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Hypertension complicates 6% to 10% of pregnancies…
Dyslipidemia
Epidemiology of Hyperlipidemia Prevalence Elevated cholesterol is a well-established and modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). In 2008 there were an estimated 17.3 million CVD deaths worldwide, 2.6 million…
Diabetes Mellitus
Diabetes mellitus (“diabetes”) and hypertension, which commonly coexist, are global public health issues contributing to an enormous burden of cardiovascular disease, chronic kidney disease, and premature mortality and disability. The…
Cerebrovascular Disease
Raised blood pressure has been referred to as the crown jewel of stroke prevention, and blood pressure lowering has been the focus of substantial study in acute stroke and recurrent…
Transplant Hypertension
Hypertension is a common feature after solid organ transplantation, related to preexisting disease, the vascular effects of immunosuppressive medications, and in the setting of renal transplantation, the presence of acute…
Hypertension and Chronic Kidney Disease
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is defined by laboratory findings of a decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) to less than 60 mL per minute per 1.73 m 2 or evidence…
Heart Failure
The burden of heart failure remains ever present with a long-standing, inexorable association with hypertension. Though advances in evidence-based medical therapy for reduced ejection fraction heart failure have led to…
