Fig. 10.1 Dissection of the subplatysmal flaps well outside the area of skin incision (Reproduced from Zieliński [8], with permission) 10.4.2 Visualization of Both Vagus and Laryngeal Recurrent Nerves Visualization…

Fig. 2.1 Set of general instruments required for mediastinoscopy: (a) scalpel, (b) electrocautery, (c) dissection forceps, (d) Mayo and Metzenbaum scissors, (e) right-angle dissector and (f) Farabeuf retractors Fig. 2.2…

Fig. 8.1 A sterilizable curvilinear ultrasound probe (F334, Hitachi) is inserted through the blades of a videomediastinoscope and guided using a modified grasper. The probe scans parallel to the longitudinal…

Fig. 20.1 Port and robot arm placement to access shallow and deep spaces. Shallow spaces require more distance between ports at skin level Fig. 20.2 Triangles represent currently required operative…

Fig. 12.1 The position of all four members of both surgical teams and the scrub nurse for the “two-team approach” (From: Zieliński et al. [26]) Fig. 12.2 Simultaneous dissection performed…

Fig. 14.1 Tumor of the anterior mediastinum 14.4.2 Tumors of the Superior Middle Mediastinum The surgical technique of resection of tumors of such localization resembles the removal of the mediastinal…

Fig. 11.1 Thymus dissected in the neck and being retracted with silk ties 11.5.2 Mediastinal Stage This can be further broken down into phases. 11.5.2.1 Anterior A plane just posterior…