Diffuse Alveolar Hemorrhage in Children
Abstract Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage most commonly refers to bleeding from the low-pressure pulmonary vascular bed and is a rare cause of chronic interstitial lung disease in children. Patients can present…
RESPIRATORY
Chest Wall and Respiratory Muscle Disorders
Abstract Disorders of the chest wall, spine, and respiratory muscles include an array of conditions which share respiratory function abnormalities consistent with restrictive lung disease. Depending on the cause, they…
Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis and Eosinophilic Lung Diseases
Abstract This chapter examines a variety of immunologic-mediated lung diseases. Hypersensitivity pneumonitis is caused by exposure to a variety of antigens that elicit a Th1-mediated hypersensitivity response in the lungs….
Pulmonary Disease in the Pediatric Patient With Acquired Immunodeficiency States
Abstract Children with acquired immunodeficiency are at risk for many infectious and noninfectious pulmonary complications. This chapter will discuss such complications in children who have had solid organ transplantation, hematopoietic…
Laryngeal and Tracheal Airway Disorders
Abstract Over the past several decades, medical and technologic progress in the care of critically ill infants with extreme prematurity (i.e., gestational age < 28 weeks), multisystem congenital anomalies, airway…
Pediatric Lung Transplantation
Abstract Indications for pediatric lung transplantation vary by age, with some conditions leading to transplant throughout childhood (e.g., pulmonary hypertension) and others predominating in younger (e.g., surfactant disorders) or older…
The Aerodigestive Model: Improving Health Care Value for Complex Patients Through Coordinated Care
Abstract The multidisciplinary aerodigestive care model allows a coordinated and efficient approach to patients with complex airway and swallowing disorders. Careful patient selection and a structured approach are essential to…
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease and Eosinophilic Esophagitis in Children With Complex Airway Disease
Abstract Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), gastrointestinal dysmotility, and Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EoE) are all entities which can affect children with complex airway conditions. GERD is defined as symptoms or mucosal changes…
Nonpulmonary Manifestations of Cystic Fibrosis
Abstract While lung disease continues to be the main cause of morbidity and mortality, the improved survival rates have meant that nonpulmonary complications have become increasingly important in the care…
Molecular Therapies for Cystic Fibrosis
Abstract This chapter describes the therapeutic strategies for cystic fibrosis which are based on targeting cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), either at the gene or protein level. We provide…