9Ventricular Arrhythmias: Types and Management, Sudden Cardiac Death I. Premature ventricular complexes II. Ventricular tachycardia (VT) III. Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia IV. Congenital long QT syndrome (LQT) V. Indications for ICD…

17Pericardial Disorders 1. Acute pericarditis I. Causes of acute pericarditis II. History and physical findings III. ECG findings IV. Echocardiography V. Myopericarditis and perimyocarditis VI. Treatment 2. Tamponade I. Definition…

4Heart Failure DEFINITION, TYPES, CAUSES, AND DIAGNOSIS OF HEART FAILURE 1. Definition and types of heart failure I. Heart failure is diagnosed clinically, not by echocardiography II. After HF is…

1Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndrome I. Definition, types of myocardial infarction, and pitfalls II. Clinical features, ECG, cardiac biomarkers, and echocardiography in ACS III. Initial approach to acute chest pain…

16Action Potential Features and Propagation: Mechanisms of Arrhythmias, Antiarrhythmic Drugs I. Action potential II. Action potential propagation and mechanisms of arrhythmias III. General mechanism of action of antiarrhythmic agents IV….

11Atrial Flutter and Atrial Tachycardia I. Atrial flutter II. Focal atrial tachycardia III. Multifocal atrial tachycardia (MAT) (or chaotic atrial tachycardia) IV. Ectopic atrial rhythm Questions and answers I. Atrial…

30Miscellaneous Cardiac Topics: Cardiac Masses and Tumors, Pregnancy, HIV and Heart Disease, Cocaine and the Heart, Chemotherapy and Heart Disease, Chest X-Ray 1. Cardiac masses I. Differential diagnosis of a…

2ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction 1. Definition, reperfusion, and general management I. Definition II. Timing of reperfusion III. ECG phases of STEMI IV. STEMI diagnostic tips and clinical vignettes V. Specific…