Genetics of Arrhythmias Aadhavi Sridharan Jason S. Bradfield James N. Weiss INTRODUCTION Cardiac arrhythmias comprise a wide spectrum of abnormalities of the heart rhythm; these can be benign, can increase…

Left Atrial Appendage Closure Thomas A. Dewland Randall J. Lee INTRODUCTION For decades, clinicians have recognized the association between atrial fibrillation (AF) and thromboembolic stroke.1 This risk has traditionally been…

Catheter Interventions in Adults with Congenital Heart Disease Thomas M. Zellers Carrie Herbert Surendranath Veeram Reddy V. Vivian Dimas TRANSCATHETER THERAPY FOR AORTIC AND PULMONARY STENOSIS INTRODUCTION Aortic valve stenosis…

Percutaneous Closure of Patent Foramen Ovale and Atrial Septal Defect Ricardo Cigarroa Ignacio Inglessis PATENT FORAMEN OVALE CLOSURE INTRODUCTION Patent foramen ovale (PFO) is the most common intracardiac shunt encountered…

Ethanol Septal Ablation Srikanth Yandrapalli Risheek Kaul Srihari S. Naidu INTRODUCTION Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most commonly inherited cardiac disease, with estimates suggesting a prevalence approximating 1 in 500.1,2…

Percutaneous Valvular Intervention Gurion Lantz Firas Zahr INTRODUCTION Over the last decade, the treatment of valvular heart disease has progressed with the introduction and maturation of transcatheter valvular interventions. Since…

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Olabisi Akanbi David Lee HISTORY OF PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION Dotter performed the first angioplasty using sequential catheter dilation of a femoral arterial stenosis in 1964, and with…

Diagnostic Coronary and Pulmonary Angiography and Left Ventriculography Jennifer A. Rymer Sunil V. Rao Richard A. Krasuski Rajesh V. Swaminathan INTRODUCTION The first selective diagnostic coronary angiogram was performed by…

Intracoronary Imaging Catalin Toma Jeff Fowler INTRODUCTION Cardiac imaging technologies that involve instrumentation of the heart can provide intravascular imaging dedicated to the coronary architecture or assessment of chamber and…

Cardiac Catheterization and Hemodynamic Assessment Punag Divanji Joseph Yang INTRODUCTION Since the late 1960s, the use of the Swan-Ganz balloon-tipped catheter for the measurement of intracardiac hemodynamics has been a…