Aortic Diseases Dawn S. Hui Lalithapriya Jayakumar Andrea J. Carpenter GENERAL INTRODUCTION AORTIC DISSECTION An aortic dissection is a tear in the aortic intima, with the separation of the intima…

Mechanical Circulatory Support Anju Bhardwaj Alexis Shafii Andrew Civitello Ajith Nair INTRODUCTION Heart failure (HF) is a syndrome that affects over 6.5 million individuals in the United States. Despite significant…

Cardiac Electronic Implantable Device Therapy Yang Yang Irakli Giorgberidze Lorraine Cornwell INTRODUCTION The first case of successful defibrillation in a human was performed in 1947 by Dr Claude Beck, a…

Acute Heart Failure Nicholas S. Hendren Justin L. Grodin Mark H. Drazner INTRODUCTION Acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) is defined as new or recurrent symptoms and signs of heart failure…

Myocarditis Melissa A. Lyle Lori A. Blauwet Leslie T. Cooper INTRODUCTION Myocarditis refers to inflammation of the myocardium and incorporates a broad spectrum of clinical and histopathologic presentations.1 Acute myocarditis…

Toxin-Induced Cardiomyopathies Omar Jawaid Suparna C. Clasen Abhishek Khemka Maya Guglin INTRODUCTION Various substances have been associated with cardiomyopathies. This includes legally available substances, illicit substances of abuse, and prescribed…

Restrictive Cardiomyopathies Gurusher Panjrath Joseph M. Krepp INTRODUCTION Restrictive cardiomyopathies are a cluster of distinct myocardial diseases with a similar pathophysiology of myocardial muscle stiffening and impaired ventricular filling. The…

Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Ali J. Marian INTRODUCTION Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a genetic disorder of cardiac myocytes that is diagnosed by the presence of cardiac hypertrophy, not explained by secondary causes;…

Dilated Cardiomyopathy Reema Hasan Taylor Alexander Lebeis Supriya Shore Monica Mechele Colvin INTRODUCTION Cardiomyopathy is a disease of the heart muscle, which can include dilatation and impaired contraction of one…