Diagnostic Coronary and Pulmonary Angiography and Left Ventriculography Jennifer A. Rymer Sunil V. Rao Richard A. Krasuski Rajesh V. Swaminathan INTRODUCTION The first selective diagnostic coronary angiogram was performed by…
Intracoronary Imaging Catalin Toma Jeff Fowler INTRODUCTION Cardiac imaging technologies that involve instrumentation of the heart can provide intravascular imaging dedicated to the coronary architecture or assessment of chamber and…
Cardiac Catheterization and Hemodynamic Assessment Punag Divanji Joseph Yang INTRODUCTION Since the late 1960s, the use of the Swan-Ganz balloon-tipped catheter for the measurement of intracardiac hemodynamics has been a…
Hybrid and Multimodality Imaging Albert J. Sinusas INTRODUCTION Multimodality imaging is routinely used to facilitate the diagnosis and evaluation of cardiovascular diseases, along with risk stratification, and directing and monitoring…
Periprocedural Imaging Federico Asch INTRODUCTION Historically, structural heart disease has been a field limited to surgical interventions, with periprocedural imaging providing the initial diagnosis and indication for intervention (eg, to…
Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging Louis-Philippe David Panagiotis Antiochos Raymond Y. Kwong INTRODUCTION Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) is a noninvasive, nonionizing imaging modality, with high spatial resolution, that is considered…
Cardiac Computed Tomography Ron Blankstein Vasvi Singh INTRODUCTION Cardiac computed tomography (CCT) has evolved considerably over the past 15 years and now serves an essential role in the practice of…
Echocardiography Edwin Ho Cynthia Taub INTRODUCTION Echocardiography is an imaging modality that utilizes ultrasound to visualize cardiac structure and function. It is the most commonly used imaging technique in cardiology…
Nuclear Cardiology and Molecular Imaging Sean R. McMahon Josiah Bote William Lane Duvall INTRODUCTION Nuclear cardiology plays a fundamental role in the noninvasive diagnosis and management of cardiovascular disease, which…
Electrocardiographic Exercise Testing Zain Ul Abideen Asad Chittur A. Sivaram INTRODUCTION Diagnosis of myocardial ischemia remains an important clinical challenge in patients presenting with chest pain in the ambulatory clinic….
