Shunt Lesions
Shunt Lesions Zachary L. Steinberg Mathias Possner Yonatan Buber INTRODUCTION Shunt lesions comprise a wide variety of anatomic abnormalities resulting in abnormal blood flow between cardiac chambers and great vessels….
Pharmacologic Therapy for Adult Congenital Heart Disease
Pharmacologic Therapy for Adult Congenital Heart Disease Dan G. Halpern Rebecca Pinnelas Frank Cecchin INTRODUCTION As survival of congenital heart disease patients continues to improve, the role of pharmacologic therapy…
Pregnancy and Reproductive Health in Adult Congenital Heart Disease
Pregnancy and Reproductive Health in Adult Congenital Heart Disease Evan F. Shalen Abigail D. Khan INTRODUCTION Innovations in the treatment of congenital heart disease (CHD) have greatly improved survival, leading…
Evaluation of Suspected and Known Adult Congenital Heart Disease
Evaluation of Suspected and Known Adult Congenital Heart Disease Andrew R. Pistner Anitra W. Romfh INTRODUCTION Epidemiology Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common birth defect. The prevalence of…
Anatomic and Physiologic Classification of Congenital Heart Disease
Anatomic and Physiologic Classification of Congenital Heart Disease David S. Majdalany Francois Marcotte INTRODUCTION AND CLASSIFICATIONS Congenital heart diseases (CHD) comprise abnormalities in the cardiac anatomy that disrupt venous drainage,…
Cardiac Rehabilitation
Cardiac Rehabilitation Tamara Beth Horwich Amir Behzad Rabbani James S. Lee Arash B. Nayeri INTRODUCTION Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is recognized as an essential component of the treatment and secondary prevention…
Hypertension
Hypertension Amal Abdellatif* Mohamed B. Elshazly* Parag H. Joshi John W. McEvoy * Joint First Authors (Contributed Equally) INTRODUCTION Epidemiology Hypertension (HTN) is one of the most common reasons for…
Lipid Disorders
Lipid Disorders Bibin Varghese Renato Quispe Seth S. Martin INTRODUCTION Lipid disorders play a critical role in the development of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), including coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke,…
Diabetes and Cardiometabolic Medicine
Diabetes and Cardiometabolic Medicine Cara Reiter-Brennan Omar Dzaye Michael J. Blaha INTRODUCTION Epidemiology In the United States, an estimated one-third of the population will develop type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)…
Lifestyle Implementation for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: A Focus on Smoking Cessation, Diet, and Physical Activity
Lifestyle Implementation for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: A Focus on Smoking Cessation, Diet, and Physical Activity Oluwaseun E. Fashanu Gowtham R. Grandhi Erin D. Michos INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the…
