Outpatient Cardiology
Outpatient Cardiology Frank Cetta Nibras E. El Sherif Carolina P. Larmeu Adam Cassidy Questions 1. Three months ago, a 15 year old was found to have a consistently elevated blood…
Cardiac Electrophysiology
Cardiac Electrophysiology Bryan C. Cannon Philip L. Wackel Mark Shwayder Yaniv Bar-Cohen Questions 1. A fetal ultrasound performed at 32-week gestation reveals fetal SVT at a rate of 250 beats…
Noninvasive Cardiac Imaging
Noninvasive Cardiac Imaging Benjamin W. Eidem M. Yasir Qureshi Talha Niaz Questions 1. Which statement is correct regarding the Doppler examination? A. Pulsed-wave (PW) Doppler requires one crystal to transmit…
Diagnosis of Congenital Heart Disease
Diagnosis of Congenital Heart Disease Emily Morell Jonathan N. Johnson Grace Kung Questions 1. A 4-year-old child presents with new-onset ventricular tachycardia. Echocardiography after treatment of the arrhythmia reveals a…
Congenital Cardiac Malformations
Congenital Cardiac Malformations M. Eric Ferguson Benjamin W. Eidem Questions 1. A 4-month-old girl is referred to you because of a cardiac murmur. She appears jaundiced. She has a grade…
Cardiac Anatomy and Physiology
Cardiac Anatomy and Physiology Brittany M. Graham Joseph J. Maleszewski Jonathan N. Johnson Questions 1. Left ventricular (LV) isovolumic contraction continues until what cardiac event occurs? A. Mitral valve opens…
Mitral Valve Anomalies
What anomalies involve the mitral valve? Our database of cardiac pathologic conditions provides an answer that is summarized in Table 14.1 . TABLE 14.1 Mitral Valve Anomalies Mitral Valve Anomalies…
Understanding Normally and Abnormally Related Great Arteries
Equations, Apoptosis, Switches, Rotations, and Synergy Basic Principles 1. When the situs (pattern of anatomic organization) of the subarterial infundibulum and the situs of the great arteries are the same…
The Heterotaxy Syndromes: Asplenia, Polysplenia, and With Normally Formed but Right-Sided Spleen
What are the Heterotaxy Syndromes? Heterotaxy is derived from two Greek words: heteros, “other,” and taxis, “arrangement.” Hence, heterotaxy is an arrangement of the viscera that is other than normal…
Double-Outlet Left Ventricle
Most pediatric cardiologists and congenital heart surgeons have never seen a patient with double-outlet left ventricle (DOLV). It is that rare. How rare is that? Well, in our cardiac pathology…
