Vascular lesions that resemble atherosclerosis have been described in Egyptian and Renaissance mummies, , but death and disabling symptoms caused by atherosclerosis were probably rare before the late 18th century…
A large number of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) are not given therapies that can save lives and prevent recurrent cardiac events. Analyses of trends over the last decade…
The Euro Heart Survey program was launched by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) around the year 2000 to assess variations in management and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD) across…
The clinical manifestations of atherothrombotic disease include strokes and transient ischemic attacks, critical limb ischemia, angina, and the full spectrum of acute coronary syndromes ( Fig. 3-1 ). The benefits…
Globally, cerebrovascular disease (CVD), which includes coronary heart disease (CHD), strokes, and peripheral arterial diseases, is the leading cause of death and is a major disease burden. Although age adjusted…
The Past: Emergence of a Syndrome The clinical description of a preinfarction syndrome closely followed that of angina almost 250 years ago, when Heberden wrote the following: There is a…
Introduction Print Section Listen Evaluation of the infant, child, or young adult with cardiovascular symptoms may require the application of a variety of cardiac tests. Each of these tests has…
Introduction Print Section Listen Acyanotic cardiac lesions represent a significant portion of all congenital heart disease. Although acyanotic shunt lesions are discussed in Chapter 7, this chapter focuses on acyanotic…
Introduction Print Section Listen Cardiac arrhythmias are due to abnormalities in the heart rhythm or conduction that can range in clinical significance from benign to life threatening. The frequency with…
Introduction Print Section Listen Critical heart disease in the newborn includes all congenital heart lesions that would result in neonatal demise unless immediate intervention is undertaken. It is estimated that…
