Harvesting the skeletonized internal mammary artery
Introduction Since the landmark paper from Loop et al. in 1986, the use of the left internal mammary artery (LIMA) for revascularization of the left anterior ascending (LAD) artery is…
Harvesting the radial artery
Introduction The radial artery (RA) has been used in coronary artery bypass grafting since it was first introduced into clinical practice in the 1970s by Carpentier . It is a…
Surgical strategy in multiple arterial grafting
Failing to plan is planning to fail. Benjamin Franklin. The importance of the strategy and good clinical sense While the cutting-and-sewing part of coronary surgery is important, the real key…
Closing the gap between best evidence and common practice in surgical coronary revascularization: The rationale for superspecialization
In an effort to improve outcomes for patients with valvular heart disease, there has been a concerted push over the past decade toward the creation of “Heart Valve Centers” or…
Adoption of Lung CT AI Into Clinical Medicine
Introduction The successes in the 2000s and 2010s in developing reactive machine AI and limited-memory AI methods to detect and assess the present and severity of x-ray chest CT imaging…
Using Limited Memory Lung CT AI to Derive Advanced Quantitative CT Lung Metrics of COPD, ILD, and COVID-19 Pneumonia
Introduction In this chapter, we look at more advanced AI machine learning computer programs for the assessment of normal and diseased lungs using lung CT AI. These AI programs go…
Lung CT AI Enables Advanced Computer Modeling of Lung Physiome Structure and Function
Virtual Physiological Human and a Lung Physiome Model The International Union of Physiological Physiome project was the foundation for the Virtual Physiological Human (VPH) initiative and the human physiome. The…
Using Reactive Machine AI and Dynamic Changes in Lung Structure to Derive Functional Quantitative Lung CT Metrics of COPD, ILD, and Asthma
Introduction The previous chapter reviewed the lung CT AI methods to assess normal and diseased lung structure using a single TLC chest CT scan. COPD, ILD, and asthma can all…
Using Reactive Machine AI to Derive Quantitative Lung CT Metrics of COPD, ILD, and COVID-19 Pneumonia
Introduction This chapter will first review the basic structure of the human lung and use this information to explore the different QCT lung metrics that can be obtained from a…
Quantitative Assessment of Lung Nodule Size, Shape, and Malignant Potential Using Both Reactive and Limited-Memory Lung CT AI
CT Assessment of Lung Nodules—CT Versus Projection Radiography (PR) This chapter will describe the importance of detecting and assessing the risk of lung cancer in a lung nodule by lung…
