Abstract This chapter focuses on the indications and treatment options of pulmonary valve replacement. Currently there are multiple options for pulmonary valve replacement. However, there is no “perfect” valve for…
Abstract Pulmonary embolism (PE) is an uncommon but potentially fatal complication of venous thromboembolism (VTE). Congenital heart disease predisposes children to both VTE and, by association, PE. This is due…
Abstract This chapter focuses on the medical and surgical management of coronary artery anomalies in the pediatric patient without other congenital heart defects. The vast majority of aberrant coronary arteries…
Abstract Despite the advances in therapies and updated guidelines, infective endocarditis remains a cause of considerable morbidity and mortality in children. Infective endocarditis (IE) is defined as an infection of…
Abstract The population of adults with congenital heart disease is large and growing. This group has a high rate of health resource utilization, including hospital admissions. It is predicted that…
Abstract Transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA) occurs in 3 per 10,000 live births and makes up 5% to 7% of all congenital heart disease. Without surgery, less than 10%…
Abstract Aortopulmonary (AP) window is a very rare congenital heart disease resulting from a defect in the shared wall between the great arteries during embryogenesis. There are four major types…
Abstract Persistent truncus arteriosus is a relatively rare cardiac anomaly, occurring in 0.4% to 4% of individuals with congenital heart disease. The condition is characterized by a single arterial trunk…
Abstract In recent years there has been a growing awareness of and focus on connective tissue diseases (CTDs) and associated cardiovascular pathology, particularly in children. These diseases are hereditary disorders…
Abstract Congenital mitral valve disease is rarely seen in isolation. It is more commonly associated with complex congenital defects, including Shone’s complex, hypoplastic left heart syndrome, transposition of the great…
