The Radiographic Examination: The Basics
The chest x-ray and computed tomography (CT) are part of every physician’s practice. You should have a basic understanding of the anatomy and pathologic findings visible on these images. In…
Cross-Sectional Imaging Techniques
Three relatively recent imaging techniques, computed tomography (CT), ultrasound (US), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), have greatly improved thoracic imaging. In all conventional x-ray techniques, the x-ray beam passes through…
Ablation of Scar-Related Ventricular Tachycardia
Ablation of Scar-Related Ventricular Tachycardia Introduction In addition to the implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, catheter ablation plays an important role in the treatment of patients with scar-related ventricular tachycardia (VT). The purpose…
Unusual Electrophysiologic Phenomena
Unusual Electrophysiologic Phenomena Introduction Electrophysiology has many peculiar arrhythmias and patterns of conduction. One of them is the unexpected conduction of a premature impulse. This is manifested as either the…
Idiopathic Ventricular Tachycardia and Fibrillation
Idiopathic Ventricular Tachycardia and Fibrillation Introduction Idiopathic ventricular tachycardia (VT) and ventricular fibrillation (VF) can occur in the absence of structural heart disease. Two anatomic sites showing a predilection for…
Wide Complex Tachycardias
Wide Complex Tachycardias Introduction The major differential diagnoses of a regular wide complex tachycardia (WCT) are 1) ventricular tachycardia (VT), 2) supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) with aberration or bundle branch block…
Preexcited Tachycardias
Preexcited Tachycardias Introduction Preexcited tachycardias refer collectively to tachycardias associated with antegrade conduction over an accessory pathway (AP). The AP can either 1) be a passive bystander serving a subsidiary…
Atrial Fibrillation
Atrial Fibrillation Introduction Atrial fibrillation is the most common arrhythmia and causes rapid, chaotic, and uncoordinated contraction of the atria. It can be classified by presentation as 1) paroxysmal (≥2…
Bundle Branch Reentrant Tachycardia
Bundle Branch Reentrant Tachycardia Introduction Bundle branch reentrant tachycardia (BBRT) (“bundle to bundle” tachycardia) is a macroreentrant ventricular tachycardia (VT) that utilizes both right bundle (RB) and left bundle (LB)…
Atrial Flutter
Atrial Flutter Introduction Atrial flutter is a macroreentrant atrial tachycardia that can be categorized by the location of its reentrant circuit and the protected isthmus of slow conduction. The most…
