Dizziness and Near Syncope
Dizziness and Near Syncope A 27-year-old woman complains of dizziness and near syncope. See Figures 6-1, 6-2 and 6-3. Figure 6-1. Figure 6-2.
Weakness and Malaise
Weakness and Malaise The patient is a 26-year-old woman who has had weakness and malaise for 1 to 2 months. She has a past history of congenital heart disease, and…
Increasing Shortness of Breath
Increasing Shortness of Breath A 25-year-old medical student had a 6-month history of increasing shortness of breath. Since childhood, he was less physically fit than his classmates, but this was…
Aortic Stenosis after a Modified Ross Procedure
Aortic Stenosis after a Modified Ross Procedure The patient is a 23-year-old man with a history of aortic stenosis, status post modified Ross procedure at age 9, complicated by complete…
Mild Exertional Dyspnea
Mild Exertional Dyspnea A 23-year-old woman has mild exertional dyspnea. Her electrocardiogram is normal, but she has a systolic and diastolic heart murmur. The 2D transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) images show…
Marfan Syndrome, Status Post Bentall Procedure
Marfan Syndrome, Status Post Bentall Procedure A 19-year-old woman with Marfan syndrome is status post Bentall procedure (Figs. 1-1, 1-2, 1-3 and 1-4 and Videos 1-1 to 1-4). Figure 1-1….
Cerebrovascular System
Cerebrovascular System I. ANATOMY (Figs. 7.1, 7.2, 7.3) A. The common carotid artery (CCA) is 5 to 6 mm in size. The right CCA originates from the brachiocephalic artery, and…
A Word About Doppler Controls
A Word About Doppler Controls On every ultrasound machine, there are several controls that are always the same (although they may not be arranged in the same way). It is…
Peripheral Venous Systems
Peripheral Venous Systems I. LOWER EXTREMITY VEINS A. Anatomy 1. During inspiration, intrathoracic pressure decreases, intraabdominal pressure increases, outflow from the peripheral veins decrease, and blood moves from the abdomen…
Penile Vessels
Penile Vessels I. ANATOMY (Figs. 6.1 and 6.2) A. The internal iliac arteries give rise to the internal pudendal arteries. Each internal pudendal artery gives off the urethral artery, the…
