Chapter 17 Pelvic Congestion Syndrome and Ovarian Vein Reflux Constantino S. Peña, James F. Benenati Background Pelvic congestion syndrome (PCS) is an underdiagnosed condition causing chronic pelvic pain. PCS was…
Chapter 10 Endovenous Approach to Recurrent Varicose Veins Jose I. Almeida Historical Background Recurrence rates of varicose veins of 20% are common, with rates as high as 70% at 10…
Chapter 21 Severity Scoring and Outcomes Measurement Michael A. Vasquez, Carolyn E. Munschauer Historical Background I have but one lamp by which my feet are guided, and that is the…
Chapter 15 Postthrombotic Syndrome Rafael D. Malgor, Antonios P. Gasparis, Nicos Labropoulos Historical Background Postthrombotic syndrome (PTS) remains an important health care problem in United States. A population-based study showed…
Chapter 22 Evidence-Based Summary of Guidelines from the American Venous Forum and the Society for Vascular Surgery Mark H. Meissner, Peter Gloviczki Chronic venous disorders are among the world’s oldest…
Chapter 6 Laser Thermal Ablation Jose I. Almeida Historical Background Bruising, transient pain, and induration of the thigh are common adverse events after endovenous laser (EVL) therapy and are most…
Chapter 1 Venous Anatomy Jose I. Almeida Historical Background Chronic venous diseases (CVDs) include a spectrum of clinical findings ranging from spider telangiectasias and varicose veins to debilitating venous ulceration….
Chapter 19 Venous Malformations Constantino S. Peña, Barry T. Katzen, Vittorio P. Antonacci Vascular malformations are probably the single most misdiagnosed entity in the vascular system. Essentially, vascular malformations are…
Chapter 7 Chemical Ablation Jose I. Almeida Historical Background Historical data suggest that chemical ablation of the great saphenous vein (GSV) using liquid sclerosant delivered percutaneously via syringe and needle…
Chapter 5 Radiofrequency Thermal Ablation Jose I. Almeida Historical Background Investigators in the 1960s and 1970s observed third-degree skin burns and saphenous nerve injuries after thermal ablation of the saphenous…
