Laser Thermal Ablation
Chapter 6 Laser Thermal Ablation Jose I. Almeida Historical Background Bruising, transient pain, and induration of the thigh are common adverse events after endovenous laser (EVL) therapy and are most…
Venous Anatomy
Chapter 1 Venous Anatomy Jose I. Almeida Historical Background Chronic venous diseases (CVDs) include a spectrum of clinical findings ranging from spider telangiectasias and varicose veins to debilitating venous ulceration….
Venous Malformations
Chapter 19 Venous Malformations Constantino S. Peña, Barry T. Katzen, Vittorio P. Antonacci Vascular malformations are probably the single most misdiagnosed entity in the vascular system. Essentially, vascular malformations are…
Chemical Ablation
Chapter 7 Chemical Ablation Jose I. Almeida Historical Background Historical data suggest that chemical ablation of the great saphenous vein (GSV) using liquid sclerosant delivered percutaneously via syringe and needle…
Radiofrequency Thermal Ablation
Chapter 5 Radiofrequency Thermal Ablation Jose I. Almeida Historical Background Investigators in the 1960s and 1970s observed third-degree skin burns and saphenous nerve injuries after thermal ablation of the saphenous…
Hemodynamics: Pressures and Flows
Step 1 Check setup (transducer leveling, zeroing, and calibration) Select appropriate fluid-filled catheter (short, large bore, stiff, with side holes, or end hole) Assure there are tight connections between catheter(s)…
Catheter Closure of Coronary Artery Fistula
Fig. 30.1 (a) Aortic root angiogram in anteroposterior view shows tortuous coronary artery fistula (CAF) (arrow) arising from the left coronary artery (LCA) entering right atrium (RA). Normal branching of…
Catheters and Wires
Fig. 6.1 Shapes of selected torque-controlled catheters (see text). (a) Pigtail catheter, (b) Amplatz left coronary catheter, (c) Amplatz right coronary catheter, (d) internal mammary catheter, (e) Judkins left coronary…
Hemodynamic Formulae, Calculations, and Charts
Dubois and Dubois [2]: 47.2 Derived Hemodynamic Data 47.2.1 Cardiac Output where SV = stroke volume, EDV and ESV = end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes, CO = cardiac output, HR = heart rate, and EF = ejection fraction. 47.2.2 The Fick…
Ventricular Septal Defects
Fig. 28.1 The Amplatzer Muscular VSD Occluder, AGA Medical Corporation, St. Jude, MN. A device size/waist diameter (mm), B disc diameter (mm), C waist length (mm) 28.3.2 Device for PMVSD…
