Thoracic Key

Figure 23.1 A lateral thoracotomy incision is made, and the thorax is entered through the sixth intercostal space for lower lobe and the fifth intercostal space for middle or upper…

Figure 30.1 For this procedure, the patient is positioned supine with the arms tucked. A pillow or other support is placed behind the shoulders, allowing the neck to be extended…

Figure 4.1 (a, b) The patient is placed supine with a roll under the shoulders to extend the neck. The head is stabilized with a ring in axial alignment. If…

Figure 6.1 (a) For the cervical approach, the patient commonly is intubated with a single-lumen tube under general anesthesia and is placed in a supine position with the neck hyperextended….

Figures 24.1 and 24.2 Median sternotomy, VATS. A complete median sternotomy is performed in apnea. Because emphysema patients often do not have any retrosternal fat, there is a high risk…

Figure 9.1 The modern rigid bronchoscope—essentially a straight, hollow stainless steel tube—has not changed much in the past 100 years. It is available in various lengths, and diameters range from…

Figure 12.1 Single-stapler resection aided by a cotton peanut retracting the lung tissue toward the cartridge hinge Figure 12.2 Trapezoidal resection, with the final stapling connecting both ends of the…

Figure 11.1 Patient positioning and port distribution for conventional three-port VATS wedge resection. With the patient in the lateral decubitus position, the target area in the lung is placed at…

Figure 8.1 After general endotracheal anesthesia is established, the endotracheal tube usually is placed beyond the tumor under bronchoscopic guidance in all but the most distal tumors. Airway obstruction should…

Figure 13.1 (a, b) Laser resection of small metastases located at the lung periphery is easy and self-explanatory. Using the diode laser system, the bare fiber is grasped with a…