Figure 17-1. An illustration of the concept of the lung structure maintenance program. There are several homeostatic balances that contribute to lung cell growth and repair in response to environmental…
Figure 7-1. Airway branching with gestational age. The stages of lung development and the development of the bronchial tree. On average an airway of a human lung ends after approximately…
Figure 5-1. Expression of nAChR in fetal monkey airway (134 days gestation). (A) α4 nAChR immunostaining (purple) in airway epithelial cells and submucosal glands (200x); (B) β2 immunostaining (purple) in…
Figure 8-1. Composition of surfactant from bronchoalveolar lavage. Representative values for surfactant from adult mammalian species. The primary surface active components are the saturated phosphatidylcholine and the hydrophobic proteins SP-B…
Figure 10-1. Causes of poor lung growth. Lung growth is complex and modulated by multiple processes. Poor lung growth may result from maternal, fetal, placental, environmental, and/or genetic factors. Reprinted…
Figure 15-1. The perinatal environment influences saccular and alveolar lung development. Mammalian lung development proceeds through five stages that culminate in the formation of a dichotomously branched organ with many…
Figure 11-1. As a measure of superoxide production, cyanide-resistant O2 consumption was measured in lung homogenates from rat pups. Rat pups that had been exposed to 60% O2 for 14…
Figure 16-1. Schematic representation of the course of lung function for persons with asthma of different severities as compared with persons without asthma. Both lung function at birth and deficits…
Here, n, the number of transections, is calculated by counting the number of transections of alveoli in a field of known area, and ρ, the volumetric density of alveoli, is…
Fig. 1.1 Allium sativum Allium sativum exerts antiaggregatory effects by inhibiting the adenosine diphosphate pathway; its mechanisms of action are comparable with those of conventional drugs [5]. Treatment with garlic…
