Treatment of Chronic Right Heart Failure
Fig. 19.1 This block diagram organizes the different treatment modalities utilized in patients with chronic right heart failure. An attempt is made to list the effects on preload, contractility, and…
Interfaces for Acute and Long-Term Noninvasive Positive Pressure Ventilation in Children: Key Technical Elements and Clinical Implications
Fig. 95.1 Nasal pillows or plugs Fig. 95.2 Nasal mask on an infant Fig. 95.3 Nasal mask on a boy with Prader Willi syndrome Fig. 95.4 Nasobuccal mask on a…
Equipment Technology for Noninvasive Ventilation in the Pre-hospital Setting
Variable flow Whisperflow, Photograph by Steve LeCroy 31.2.2 Disposable CPAP Devices Disposable devices attach to the low-pressure side of the regulator or flow meter (Boussignac®, Flow-Safe®, O-Two Controlled Ventilation™, and…
Results of Servo-ventilation and Other Ventilatory Modes in Sleep Apnea Syndrome: Key Topics and Practical Implications
Fig. 78.1 Functioning of a bi-level ventilator in the spontaneous mode (S-mode). Notice that patient ventilation is augmented while no support is given during phases of apnea Fig. 78.2 Functioning…
Role of Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation in Difficult Weaning
Subjective parameters Resolution of the disease for which the patient needed ventilatory support Good effective cough/ability to clear secretions Absent or minimal tracheobronchial secretions Clear sensorium/ no delirium Absent or…
Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation During Bronchoscopy: Key Technical and Clinical Evidence
Bronchoscopy Noninvasive ventilation Advantages Diagnosis in suspected pneumonia Improving gas exchange Diagnosis in diffuse lung diseases Reduced work of breathing Clearing of mucous from airway Reduced heart work-load Treatment of…
Ventilatory Modes and Settings During Noninvasive Ventilation
Impact of unintentional leaks depends on: Ventilatory mode (volume or pressure controlled) Management of expiration (valve or leak outlet) Unintentional leaks may affect: Patient-ventilator synchrony and level of ventilatory assistance…
Perioperative Adverse Events in Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Use of Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation: Key Topics and Clinical Implications
Fig. 63.1 Diagnostic flow chart in patients with symptoms and clinical signs suggesting a sleep-related obstructive sleep apnea. BMI body mass index, ESS Epworth Sleepiness Scale Fig. 63.2 The STOP-BANG…
Chronic Heart Failure and Sleep-Disordered Breathing: Evidence for the Effect of Continuous Positive Airway Pressure and Key Practical Implications
Author (year) Design Duration Outcome Tkacova et al. (1998) [9] Self-controlled 1 night LV transmural pressure↓, systolic BP↓, HR↓ Kasai et al. (2015) [7] Self-controlled 1 night Attenuate overnight reduction…
NIV Adaptation Process: Implications of Team: Key Practical Recommendations and Evidence
Fig. 81.1 Sequential steps for delivering NIV in patients with acute RF [1] Fig. 81.2 Practical explanation for all steps for NIV starting in acute RF [5] Adaptation of NIV…
