Congestive Heart Failure
CHF is a clinical syndrome in which the heart is unable to pump enough blood to the body to meet its needs, to dispose of systemic or pulmonary venous return…
Congestive Heart Failure
CHF is a clinical syndrome in which the heart is unable to pump enough blood to the body to meet its needs, to dispose of systemic or pulmonary venous return…
Child With Chest Pain
Although chest pain does not indicate serious disease of the heart or other systems in most pediatric patients, in a society with a high prevalence of atherosclerotic heart disease, it…
Pediatric Preventive Cardiology
Atherosclerotic CVD is a major cause of morbidity and mortality and is responsible for more than 50% of all deaths in the United States. Although most of the clinical burden…
Selected Postoperative Complications
Selected postoperative complications are discussed briefly in this chapter. Problems that occur in the immediate postoperative period, such as low cardiac output state, minor rhythm disorders, blood pressure abnormalities, and…
Pre- and Postoperative Management
The current trend is to carry out total repair of CHDs at an early age whenever such repair is technically possible. Early total repair may obviate the need for palliative…
Dyslipidemias
High levels of total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and low levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are all risk factors for coronary atherosclerosis. A link has been…
Athletes With Cardiac Problems
Almost all states in the United States require some type of preparticipation screening of participants in organized sports. The major reason for this screening is to help prevent sudden unexpected…
Pulmonary Hypertension
I. Definition Thirty 30 mm Hg has been used as the normal upper limit for systolic PA pressure and 25 mm Hg as the normal upper limit for mean PA…
Systemic Hypertension
I. Definition For adults, the 2017 Guidelines by the American College of Cardiology, American Heart Association, and several other organizations jointly revised the earlier definition and classification of hypertension (HTN)…
